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内容简介
《TCP/IP详解》是已故网络专家、著名技术作家W. Richard Stevens的传世之作,内容详尽且极具专业,被誉为TCP/IP领域的不朽名著。
《TCP/IP详解·卷1:协议(英文版第2版)》是《TCP/IP详解》的第1卷,主要讲述TCP/IP协议,结合大量实例讲述TCP/IP协议族的定义原因,以及在各种不同的操作系统中的应用及工作方式。第2版在保留Stevens卓越的知识体系和写作风格的基础上,新加入的作者Kevin R. Fall结合其作为TCP/IP协议研究领域领导者的尖端经验来更新本书,反映了全新的协议和很好的实践方法。首先,他介绍了TCP/IP的核心目标和体系结构概念,展示了它们如何能连接不同的网络和支持多个服务同时运行。接着,他详细解释了IPv4和IPv6网络中的互联网地址。然后,他采用自底向上的方式来介绍TCP/IP的结构和功能:从链路层协议(如Ethernet和Wi-Fi),经网络层、传输层到应用层。
书中依次全面介绍了ARP、DHCP、NAT、防火墙、ICMPv4/ICMPv6、广播、多播、UDP、DNS等,并详细介绍了可靠传输和TCP,包括连接管理、超时、重传、交互式数据流和拥塞控制。此外,还介绍了安全和加密的基础知识,阐述了当前用于保护安全和隐私的重要协议,包括EAP、IPsec、TLS、DNSSEC和DKIM。
本书适合任何希望理解TCP/IP协议如何实现的人阅读,更是TCP/IP领域研究人员和开发人员的专业参考书。无论你是初学者还是功底深厚的网络领域高手,本书都是案头必备,将帮助你更深入和直观地理解整个协议族,构建更好的应用和运行更可靠、更高效的网络。
本书特色:
·W. Richard Stevens传奇般的TCP/IP指南,现在被顶端网络专家Kevin R. Fall更新,反映了新一代的基于TCP/IP的网络技术。
·展示每种协议的实际工作原理,并解释其来龙去脉。
·新增加的内容包括RPC、访问控制、身份认证、隐私保护、NFS、SMB/CIFS、DHCP、NAT、防火墙、电子邮件、Web、Web服务、无线、无线安全等。
作者简介
Kevin R. Fall博士有超过25年的TCP/IP工作经验,并且是互联网架构委员会成员。他是互联网研究任务组中延迟容忍网络研究组(DTNRG)的联席主席,该组致力于在极端和挑战性能的环境中探索网络。他是一位IEEE院士。
W. Richard Stevens博士(1951—1999)是国际知名的Unix和网络专家,受人尊敬的技术作家和咨询顾问。他教会了一代网络专业人员使用TCP/IP的技能,使互联网成为人们日常生活的中心。Stevens于1999年9月1日去世,年仅48岁。在短暂但精彩的人生中,他著有多部经典的传世之作,包括《TCP/IP 详解》(三卷本)、《UNIX网络编程》(两卷本)以及《UNIX环境高级编程》。2000年他被国际专业机构Usenix追授“终身成就奖”。
精彩书评
“我认为本书之所以领先群伦、,是源于其对细节的注重和对历史的关注。书中介绍了计算机网络的背景知识,并提供了解决不断演变的网络问题的各种方法。本书一直在不懈努力以获得精确的答案和探索剩余的问题域。对于致力于完善和保护互联网运营或探究解决长期存在问题的可选方案的工程师,本书提供的见解将是无价的。作者对当今互联网技术的全面阐述和透彻分析是值得称赞的。”
——Vint Cerf, 互联网先驱
这本书必定是TCP/IP开发人员和用户的圣经。在我拿到本书并开始阅读的数分钟内,我就遇到了多个曾经困扰我的同事及我本人许久的难题,Stevens清晰和明确的阐述让我豁然开朗。他揭秘了此前一些网络专家讳莫如深的许多奥妙。我本人参与过几年TCP/IP的实现工作,以我的观点,这本书堪称目前最详尽的参考书了。
——Robert A. Ciampa,3COM公司网络工程师
《TCP/IP详解 卷1》对于开发人员、网络管理员以及任何需要理解TCP/IP技术的人来说,都是极好的参考书。内容非常全面,既能提供足够的技术细节满足专家的需要,同时也为新手准备了足够的背景知识和相关注解。
——Bob Williams,NetManage公司营销副总裁
目录
Foreword v
Chapter Introduction
1.1 Architectural Principles
1.1.1 Packets, Connections, and Datagrams
1.1.2 The End-to-End Argument and Fate Sharing
1.1.3 Error Control and Flow Control
1.2 Design and Implementation
1.2.1 Layering
1.2.2 Multiplexing, Demultiplexing, and Encapsulation in Layered
Implementations
1.3 The Architecture and Protocols of the TCP/IP Suite
1.3.1 The ARPANET Reference Model
1.3.2 Multiplexing, Demultiplexing, and Encapsulation in TCP/IP
1.3.3 Port Numbers
1.3.4 Names, Addresses, and the DNS
1.4 Internets, Intranets, and Extranets
1.5 Designing Applications
1.5.1 Client/Server
1.5.2 Peer-to-Peer
1.5.3 Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)
Preface to the Second Edition vii
Adapted Preface to the First Edition xiii
1.6 Standardization Process
1.6.1 Request for Comments (RFC)
1.6.2 Other Standards
1.7 Implementations and Software Distributions
1.8 Attacks Involving the Internet Architecture
1.9 Summary
1.10 References
Chapter The Internet Address Architecture
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Expressing IP Addresses
2.3 Basic IP Address Structure
2.3.1 Classful Addressing
2.3.2 Subnet Addressing
2.3.3 Subnet Masks
2.3.4 Variable-Length Subnet Masks (VLSM)
2.3.5 Broadcast Addresses
2.3.6 IPv6 Addresses and Interface Identifiers
2.4 CIDR and Aggregation
2.4.1 Prefixes
2.4.2 Aggregation
2.5 Special-Use Addresses
2.5.1 Addressing IPv4/IPv6 Translators
2.5.2 Multicast Addresses
2.5.3 IPv4 Multicast Addresses
2.5.4 IPv6 Multicast Addresses
2.5.5 Anycast Addresses
2.6 Allocation
2.6.1 Unicast
2.6.2 Multicast
2.7 Unicast Address Assignment
2.7.1 Single Provider/No Network/Single Address
2.7.2 Single Provider/Single Network/Single Address
2.7.3 Single Provider/Multiple Networks/Multiple Addresses
2.7.4 Multiple Providers/Multiple Networks/Multiple Addresses
(Multihoming)
Contents xvii
2.8 Attacks Involving IP Addresses
2.9 Summary
2.10 References
Chapter Link Layer
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Ethernet and the IEEE LAN/MAN Standards
3.2.1 The IEEE LAN/MAN Standards
3.2.2 The Ethernet Frame Format
3.2.3 .1p/q: Virtual LANs and QoS Tagging
3.2.4 .1AX: Link Aggregation (Formerly .3ad)
3.3 Full Duplex, Power Save, Autonegotiation, and .1X Flow Control
3.3.1 Duplex Mismatch
3.3.2 Wake-on LAN (WoL), Power Saving, and Magic Packets
3.3.3 Link-Layer Flow Control
3.4 Bridges and Switches
3.4.1 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
3.4.2 .1ak: Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP)
3.5 Wireless LANs—IEEE .11(Wi-Fi)
3.5.1 .11 Frames
3.5.2 Power Save Mode and the Time Sync Function (TSF)
3.5.3 .11 Media Access Control
3.5.4 Physical-Layer Details: Rates, Channels, and Frequencies
3.5.5 Wi-Fi Security
3.5.6 Wi-Fi Mesh (802.11s)
3.6 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
3.6.1 Link Control Protocol (LCP)
3.6.2 Multi link PPP (MP)
3.6.3 Compression Control Protocol (CCP)
3.6.4 PPP Authentication
3.6.5 Network Control Protocols (NCPs)
3.6.6 Header Compression
3.6.7 Example
3.7 Loopback
3.8 MTU and Path MTU
3.9 Tunneling Basics
3.9.1 Unidirectional Links
x viii Contents
3.10 Attacks on the Link Layer
3.11 Summary
3.12 References
Chapter ARP: Address Resolution Protocol
4.1 Introduction
4.2 An Example
4.2.1 Direct Delivery and ARP
4.3 ARP Cache
4.4 ARP Frame Format
4.5 ARP Examples
4.5.1 Normal Example
4.5.2 ARP Request to a Nonexistent Host
4.6 ARP Cache Timeout
4.7 Proxy ARP
4.8 Gratuitous ARP and Address Conflict Detection (ACD)
4.9 The arp Command
4.10 Using ARP to Set an Embedded Device’s IPv4 Address
4.11 Attacks Involving ARP
4.12 Summary
4.13 References
Chapter The Internet Protocol (IP)
5.1 Introduction
5.2 IPv4 and IPv6 Headers
5.2.1 IP Header Fields
5.2.2 The Internet Checksum
5.2.3 DS Field and ECN (Formerly Called the ToS Byte or IPv6 Traffic Class)
5.2.4 IP Options
5.3 IPv6 Extension Headers
5.3.1 IPv6 Options
5.3.2 Routing Header
5.3.3 Fragment Header
5.4 IP Forwarding
5.4.1 Forwarding Table
5.4.2 IP Forwarding Actions
Contents xix
5.4.3 Examples
5.4.4 Discussion
5.5 Mobile IP
5.5.1 The Basic Model: Bidirectional Tunneling
5.5.2 Route Optimization (RO)
5.5.3 Discussion
5.6 Host Processing of IP Datagrams
5.6.1 Host Models
5.6.2 Address Selection
5.7 Attacks Involving IP
5.8 Summary
5.9 References
Chapter System Configuration: DHCP and Autoconfiguration
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
6.2.1 Address Pools and Leases
6.2.2 DHCP and BOOTP Message Format
6.2.3 DHCP and BOOTP Options
6.2.4 DHCP Protocol Operation
6.2.5 DHCPv6
6.2.6 Using DHCP with Relays
6.2.7 DHCP Authentication
6.2.8 Reconfigure Extension
6.2.9 Rapid Commit
6.2.10 Location Information (LCI and LoST)
6.2.11 Mobility and Handoff Information (MoS and ANDSF)
6.2.12 DHCP Snooping
6.3 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
6.3.1 Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses
6.3.2 IPv6 SLAAC for Link-Local Addresses
6.4 DHCP and DNS Interaction
6.5 PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
6.6 Attacks Involving System Configuration
6.7 Summary
6.8 References
xx Contents
Chapter Firewalls and Network Address Translation (NAT)
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Firewalls
7.2.1 Packet-Filtering Firewalls
7.2.2 Proxy Firewalls
7.3 Network Address Translation (NAT)
7.3.1 Traditional NAT: Basic NAT and NAPT
7.3.2 Address and Port Translation Behavior
7.3.3 Filtering Behavior
7.3.4 Servers behind NATs
7.3.5 Hairpinning and NAT Loopback
7.3.6 NAT Editors
7.3.7 Service Provider NAT (SPNAT) and Service Provider IPv6
Transition
7.4 NAT Traversal
7.4.1 Pinholes and Hole Punching
7.4.2 UNilateral Self-Address Fixing (UNSAF)
7.4.3 Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)
7.4.4 Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN)
7.4.5 Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE)
7.5 Configuring Packet-Filtering Firewalls and NATs
7.5.1 Firewall Rules
7.5.2 NAT Rules
7.5.3 Direct Interaction with NATs and Firewalls: UPnP, NAT-PMP,
and PCP
7.6 NAT for IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence and Transition
7.6.1 Du
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