發表於2024-11-25
Contents
1 Bonding and Isomerism(鍵閤和異構)
1.1 How Electrons Are Arranged in Atoms(原子中的電子排布)
1.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonding(離子鍵和共價鍵)
1.3 Carbon and the Covalent Bond(碳原子和共價鍵)
1.4 Carbon-Carbon Single Bonds(碳-碳單鍵)
1.5 Polar Covalent Bonds(極性共價鍵)
1.6 Multiple Covalent Bonds(多重共價鍵)
1.7 Valence(化閤價)
1.8 Isomerism(異構現象)
1.9 Writing Structural Formulas(結構式的書寫)
1.10 Abbreviated Structural Formulas(簡化結構式)
1.11 Formal Charge(形式電荷)
1.12 Resonance(共振理論)
1.13 Arrow Formalism(箭頭形式)
1.14 The Orbital View of Bonding; the Sigma Bond(共價鍵的軌道理論;σ鍵)
1.15 Carbon sp3 Hybrid Orbitals(碳的sp3雜化軌道)
1.16 Tetrahedral Carbon; the Bonding in Methane(碳原子的四麵體結構;甲烷分子中的碳氫鍵)
1.17 Classification According to Molecular Framework(按分子骨架分類)
1.18 Classification According to Functional Group(按功能基分類)
2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes; Conformational and Geometric Isomerism(烷烴和環烷烴;構象和幾何異構)
2.1 The Structures of Alkanes(烷烴的結構)
2.2 Nomenclature of Organic Compounds(有機化閤物的命名)
2.3 IUPAC Rules for Naming Alkanes(烷烴的IUPAC命名規則)
2.4 Alkyl and Halogen Substituents(烷基和鹵素取代基)
2.5 Use of the IUPAC Rules(IUPAC命名規則的應用)
2.6 Sources of Alkanes(烷烴的來源)
2.7 Physical Properties of Alkanes and Nonbonding Intermolecular Interactions(烷烴的物理性質和分子間的非鍵作用)
2.8 Conformations of Alkanes(烷烴的構象)
2.9 Cycloalkane Nomenclature and Conformation(環烷烴的命名和構象)
2.10 Cis-Trans Isomerism in Cycloalkanes(環烷烴的順反異構)
2.11 Summary of Isomerism(異構現象小結)
2.12 Reactions of Alkanes(烷烴的化學反應)
2.13 The Free-Radical Chain Mechanism of Halogenation(烷烴鹵代的自由基鏈反應機製)
3 Alkenes and Alkynes(烯烴和炔烴)
3.1 Definition and Classification(定義和分類)
3.2 Nomenclature(命名)
3.3 Some Facts about Double Bonds(碳碳雙鍵的特徵)
3.4 The Orbital Model of a Double Bond; the Pi Bond(碳碳雙鍵的軌道模型;π鍵)
3.5 Cis-Trans Isomerism in Alkenes(烯烴的順反異構現象)
3.6 Addition and Substitution Reactions Compared(加成和取代反應的比較)
3.7 Polar Addition Reactions(極性加成反應)
3.8 Addition of Unsymmetric Reagents to Unsymmetric Alkenes; Markovnikov‘s Rule(不對稱試劑與不對稱烯烴的加成;馬爾可夫尼可夫規則)
3.9 Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes(烯烴的親電加成機製)
3.10 Markovnikov’s Rule Explained(馬爾可夫尼可夫規則的解釋)
3.11 Reaction Equilibrium: What Makes a Reaction Go?(反應平衡:什麼使反應能夠進行下去?)
3.12 Reaction Rates: How Fast Does a Reaction Go?(反應速率:反應進行得有多快?)
3.13 Hydroboration of Alkenes(烯烴的硼氫化反應)
3.14 Addition of Hydrogen(加氫反應)
3.15 Additions to Conjugated Systems(共軛烯烴的加成反應)
3.16 Free-Radical Additions; Polyethylene(自由基加成反應;聚乙烯)
3.17 Oxidation of Alkenes(烯烴的氧化)
3.18 Some Facts about Triple Bonds(叁鍵的特徵)
3.19 The Orbital Model of a Triple Bond(叁鍵的軌道模型)
3.20 Addition Reactions of Alkynes(炔烴的加成反應)
3.21 Acidity of Alkynes(炔烴的酸性)
4 Aromatic Compounds(芳香化閤物)
4.1 Some Facts about Benzene(有關苯的實驗事實)
4.2 The Kekulé Structure of Benzene(苯的凱庫勒結構式)
4.3 Resonance Model for Benzene(苯的共振結構模型)
4.4 Orbital Model for Benzene(苯的軌道模型)
4.5 Symbols for Benzene(苯的結構錶達式)
4.6 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds(芳香族化閤物的命名)
4.7 The Resonance Energy of Benzene(苯的共振能)
4.8 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution(芳香親電取代反應)
4.9 The Mechanism of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution(芳香親電取代反應的機製)
4.10 Ring-Activating and Ring-Deactivating Substituents(苯環的活化基和鈍化基)
4.11 Ortho,Para-Directing and Meta-Directing Groups(鄰,對位定位基和間位定位基)
4.12 The Importance of Directing Effects in Synthesis(定位效應在閤成中的重要性)
4.13 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(多環芳香烴)
5 Stereoisomerism(立體異構)
5.1 Chirality and Enantiomers(手性和對映異構體)
5.2 Stereogenic Centers; the Stereogenic Carbon Atom(手性中心;手性碳原子)
5.3 Configuration and the R-S Convention(R-S 構型)
5.4 Polarized Light and Optical Activity(偏振光和光學活性)
5.5 Properties of Enantiomers(對映異構體的性質)
5.6 Fischer Projection Formulas(費歇爾投影式)
5.7 Compounds with More Than One Stereogenic Center; Diastereomers(具有多個手性中心的化閤物;非對映異構體)
5.8 Meso Compounds; the Stereoisomers of Tartaric Acid(內消鏇化閤物;酒石酸的立體異構體)
5.9 Stereochemistry: A Recap of Definitions(立體化學:定義概述)
5.10 Stereochemistry and Chemical Reactions(立體化學和化學反應)
5.11 Resolution of a Racemic Mixture(外消鏇體的拆分)
6 Organic Halogen Compounds; Substitution and Elimination Reactions(含鹵有機化閤物;取代反應和消除反應)
6.1 Nucleophilic Substitution(親核取代反應)
6.2 Examples of Nucleophilic Substitutions(親核取代反應實例)
6.3 Nucleophilic Substitution Mechanisms(親核取代反應機製)
6.4 The SN2 Mechanism(雙分子親核取代機製)
6.5 The SN1 Mechanism(單分子親核取代機製)
6.6 The SN1 and SN2 Mechanisms Compared(SN1和SN2反應機製的比較)
6.7 Dehydrohalogenation, an Elimination Reaction; the E2 and E1 Mechanisms(脫鹵化氫,消除反應;雙分子消除和單分子消除機製)
6.8 Substitution and Elimination in Competition(取代反應和消除反應的相互競爭)
6.9 Polyhalogenated Aliphatic Compounds(多鹵代脂肪烴)
7 Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols(醇,酚和硫醇)
7.1 Nomenclature of Alcohols(醇的命名)
7.2 Classification of Alcohols(醇的分類)
7.3 Nomenclature of Phenols(酚的命名)
7.4 Hydrogen Bonding in Alcohols and Phenols(醇和酚分子中的氫鍵)
7.5 Acidity and Basicity Reviewed(酸性和堿性)
7.6 The Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols(醇和酚的酸性)
7.7 The Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols(醇和酚的堿性)
7.8 Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes(醇脫水生成烯烴的反應)
7.9 The Reaction of Alcohols with Hydrogen Halides(醇與鹵化氫的反應)
7.10 Other Ways to Prepare Alkyl Halides from Alcohols(由醇製備鹵代烴的方法)
7.11 A Comparison of Alcohols and Phenols(醇和酚的比較)
7.12 Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids(醇的氧化反應--生成醛,酮和羧酸)
7.13 Alcohols with More Than One Hydroxyl Group(多元醇)
7.14 Aromatic Substitution in Phenols(酚的芳香取代反應)
7.15 Oxidation of Phenols(酚的氧化反應)
7.16 Phenols as Antioxidants(酚類抗氧化劑)
7.17 Tests for Phenols(酚的鑒彆)
7.18 Thiols, the Sulfur Analogs of Alcohols and Phenols(硫醇,醇和酚的硫類似物)
8 Ethers and Epoxides(醚和環氧化閤物)
8.1 Nomenclature of Ethers(醚的命名)
8.2 Physical Properties of Ethers(醚的物理性質)
8.3 Ethers as Solvents(醚作溶劑)
8.4 The Grignard Reagent; an Organometallic Compound(格利雅試劑;一種有機金屬化閤物)
8.5 Preparation of Ethers(醚的製備)
8.6 Cleavage of Ethers(醚的裂解)
8.7 Epoxides (Oxiranes)[環氧化物(環氧乙烷)]
8.8 Reactions of Epoxides(環氧化物的反應)
8.9 Cyclic Ethers(環醚)
9 Aldehydes and Ketones(醛和酮)
9.1 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones(醛和酮的命名)
9.2 Some Common Aldehydes and Ketones(常見的醛和酮)
9.3 Synthesis of Aldehydes and Ketones(醛和酮的製備)
9.4 Aldehydes and Ketones in Nature(天然醛酮)
9.5 The Carbonyl Group(羰基)
9.6 Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl Groups: An Overview(羰基的親核加成:概述)
9.7 Addition of Alcohols: Formation of Hemiacetals and Acetals(與醇加成:生成半縮醛和縮醛)
9.8 Addition of Water; Hydration of Aldehydes and Ketones(與水加成:醛酮的水閤)
9.9 Addition of Grignard Reagents and Acetylides(與Grignard試劑和炔化物加成)
9.10 Addition of Hydrogen Cyanide; Cyanohydrins(與氫氰酸加成:生成氰醇)
9.11 Addition of Nitrogen Nucleophiles(與含氮親核試劑加成)
9.12 Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds(羰基化閤物的還原)
9.13 Oxidation of Carbonyl Compounds(羰基化閤物的氧化)
9.14 Keto-Enol Tautomerism(酮式-烯醇式互變異構)
9.15 Acidity of a-Hydrogens; the Enolate Anion(a-氫的酸性;烯醇負離子)
9.16 Deuterium Exchange in Carbonyl Compounds(羰基化閤物的氘代)
9.17 Halogenation(鹵代反應)
9.18 The Aldol Condensation(醇醛縮閤反應)
9.19 The Mixed Aldol Condensation(混閤醇醛縮閤)
9.20 Commercial Syntheses via the Aldol Condensation(醇醛縮閤反應在閤成中的應用)
10 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives(羧酸及其衍生物)
10.1 Nomenclature of Acids(羧酸的命名)
10.2 Physical Properties of Acids(羧酸的物理性質)
10.3 Acidity and Acidity Constants(酸性和酸度常數)
10.4 What Makes Carboxylic Acids Acidic?(羧酸的酸性基)
10.5 Effect of Structure on Acidity; the Inductive Effect Revisited(羧酸的結構對酸性的影響;誘導效應的影響)
10.6 Conversion of Acids to Salts(成鹽反應)
10.7 Preparation of Acids(羧酸的製備)
10.8 Decarboxylation(脫羧反應)
10.9 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives(羧酸衍生物)
10.10 Esters(酯)
10.11 Preparation of Esters; Fischer Esterification(酯的製備;Fischer酯化反應)
10.12 The Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed Esterification; Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution(酸催化酯化反應機製;酰基的親核取代)
10.13 Lactones(內酯)
10.14 Saponification of Esters(酯的皂化反應)
10.15 Ammonolysis of Esters(酯的氨解)
10.16 Reaction of Esters with Grignard Reagents(酯與格利雅試劑的反應)
10.17 Reduction of Esters(酯的還原)
10.18 The Need for Activated Acyl Co
國外名校名著:有機化學(原著第13版) 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書 格式
國外名校名著:有機化學(原著第13版) 下載 mobi pdf epub txt 電子書 格式 2024
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