Algorithms to Live By: The Computer Science of Human Decisions
齣版社: Picador; Reprint (2017年4月4日)
平裝: 368頁
語種: 英語
ISBN: 1250118360
條形碼: 9781250118363
商品尺寸: 15.9 x 2.5 x 23.6 cm
品牌: Picador
ASIN: 1250118360
商品描述
媒體推薦
“A remarkable book... A solid, research-based book that’s applicable to real life. The algorithms the authors discuss are, in fact, more applicable to real-life problems than I’d have ever predicted.... It’s well worth the time to find a copy of Algorithms to Live By and dig deeper.”
―Forbes
“By the end of the book, I was convinced. Not because I endorse the idea of living like some hyper-rational Vulcan, but because computing algorithms could be a surprisingly useful way to embrace the messy compromises of real, non-Vulcan life.”
―The Guardian (UK)
“I absolutely reveled in this book... It's the perfect antidote to the argument you often hear from young math students: ‘What's the point? I'll never use this in real life!’... The whole business, whether it's the relative simplicity of the 37% rule or the mind-twisting possibilities of game theory, is both potentially practical and highly enjoyable as presented here. Recommended.”
―Popular Science (UK)
“An entertaining, intelligently presented book... Craftily programmed to build from one good idea to the next... The value of being aware of algorithmic thinking―of the thornier details of ‘human algorithm design,’ as Christian and Griffiths put it―is not just better problem solving, but also greater insight into the human mind. And who doesn’t want to know how we tick?”
―Kirkus Reviews
“Compelling and entertaining, Algorithms to Live By is packed with practical advice about how to use time, space, and effort more efficiently. And it’s a fascinating exploration of the workings of computer science and the human mind. Whether you want to optimize your to-do list, organize your closet, or understand human memory, this is a great read.”
―Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit
“In this remarkably lucid, fascinating, and compulsively readable book, Christian and Griffiths show how much we can learn from computers. We’ve all heard about the power of algorithms―but Algorithms to Live Byactually explains, brilliantly, how they work, and how we can take advantage of them to make better decisions in our own lives.”
―Alison Gopnik, coauthor of The Scientist in the Crib
“I’ve been waiting for a book to come along that merges computational models with human psychology―and Christian and Griffiths have succeeded beyond all expectations. This is a wonderful book, written so that anyone can understand the computer science that runs our world―and more importantly, what it means to our lives.”
―David Eagleman, author of Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain
作者簡介
Brian Christian is the author of The Most Human Human, a Wall Street Journal bestseller, New York Times editors’ choice, and a New Yorker favorite book of the year. His writing has appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Wired, The Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, and The Paris Review, as well as in scientific journals such as Cognitive Science, and has been translated into eleven languages. He lives in San Francisco.
Tom Griffiths is a professor of psychology and cognitive science at UC Berkeley, where he directs the Computational Cognitive Science Lab. He has published more than 150 scientific papers on topics ranging from cognitive psychology to cultural evolution, and has received awards from the National Science Foundation, the Sloan Foundation, the American Psychological Association, and the Psychonomic Society, among others. He lives in Berkeley.
這本書的行文風格非常流暢且富有啓發性,它成功地將那些本應深奧難懂的計算機理論,用日常生活中隨處可見的例子串聯起來,使得即便是對技術背景一竅不通的讀者也能輕鬆跟上思路。比如,書中用排隊理論來分析服務效率,這立刻讓我聯想到瞭我們公司冗長低效的會議流程——如果管理者能理解“等待時間的方差”對整體士氣和效率的影響,或許會更傾嚮於設置清晰的議程而非開放式的討論。它教會我的不是如何寫代碼,而是如何構建一個更優化的“人生框架”。特彆是關於‘哈希函數’的應用,讓我重新審視瞭自己對信息的分類和檢索方式。我開始嘗試用更高效的“標簽係統”來整理我的數字文件和知識筆記,而不是依賴於模糊的記憶或層級過深的文件夾結構。這種思維的遷移,讓我的日常信息管理效率提升瞭不止一個檔次,仿佛給大腦安裝瞭一個更快的索引係統。
評分讀完後,我發現自己看待世界的方式産生瞭一種微妙的偏移。過去,很多選擇題,比如“是現在就開始做這個報告,還是再等一下收集更多信息”,往往陷入情緒化的焦慮。這本書提供瞭一種‘最優停止’(Optimal Stopping)的視角,這對我處理拖延癥簡直是醍醐灌頂。它沒有提供一個絕對的答案,而是提供瞭一個決策閾值——即“你知道自己已經搜集瞭足夠多的信息,應該開始行動瞭”的那個點。這種對不確定性的量化處理,極大地緩解瞭我的“完美主義陷阱”。更讓我印象深刻的是它對‘探索與利用’(Explore vs. Exploit)平衡的探討。在職業發展上,我總是糾結於要不要跳槽到全新的領域(探索),還是深耕現有擅長的領域(利用)。這本書將這種權衡置於一個概率模型中,提醒我不能無休止地探索而放棄實際産齣,也不能過度利用已知優勢而錯過時代的新機遇。這種結構化的思維工具,遠比那些泛泛而談的成功學書籍來得實在和耐嚼。
評分這本書最成功的地方在於,它有效地消解瞭技術術語的神秘感,將其轉化為一種普世的智慧語言。它真正做到的,是提升瞭讀者的“心智模型”。閱讀過程中,我經常會停下來,迴顧自己過去幾天做的一些小決定,然後用書中的理論去套用,發現很多低效的根源都來自於我們對概率和成本的錯誤估計。比如,我們總是高估短期收益的價值,而低估長期積纍的復利效應——這在投資和學習上都是緻命的。這本書將這種偏誤清晰地標記齣來,並且給齣瞭矯正的算法思路。它沒有提供捷徑,但它提供瞭一張地圖,一張通往更理性決策的地圖。讀完之後,我感覺自己對生活的掌控感增強瞭,不再是單純地“憑感覺”過日子,而是有瞭一套可以自我校準的內部操作係統。這種由內而外的改變,遠比學會任何一項具體技能要寶貴得多。
評分令我感到意外的是,這本書在處理人際關係和社交網絡時展現齣的洞察力。它並不像一本傳統的心理學或社交指南,但它用‘網絡理論’和‘路徑優化’的視角,解釋瞭為什麼有些社交圈子會自然衰退,而另一些則能保持活力。書中關於“小世界網絡”的討論,促使我去思考我的社交投資應該放在哪裏——是廣撒網去建立弱連接,還是深入維護那些少數的關鍵強連接。這提供瞭一種冷靜的、非情緒化的方式來審視自己的人際資本。此外,書中關於‘貝葉斯推斷’的闡述,也讓我學會瞭如何更客觀地更新自己的信念。每當遇到新信息時,我不再是完全推翻舊觀點,而是根據新證據的強度,對原有判斷進行微調,這極大地減少瞭認知失調帶來的痛苦。這本書的價值在於,它將哲學層麵的思考,落地成瞭可操作的計算模型,讓“活得更聰明”不再是口號。
評分這本關於算法的著作,雖然核心概念圍繞著如何將計算機科學的邏輯應用於日常生活,但它的魅力恰恰在於其普適性和深刻的反思性。我閱讀這本書的初衷,其實是想尋找一些提高效率的“竅門”,期待能找到一些立竿見影的工具。然而,書中呈現的遠不止於此。它像一把精密的解剖刀,將我們習以為常的決策過程——從“如何選擇一個好的停車位”到“如何管理待辦事項列錶”——拆解成一係列可量化的、具有理論支撐的步驟。特彆是關於“緩存淘汰策略”的章節,讓我對清理舊物和接受新知識有瞭全新的認識。我過去常常因為不捨得扔掉舊資料而占據瞭大量的精神和物理空間,這本書提供瞭一個明確的框架去判斷“這個信息或物品在未來被調用的概率有多低”,這比單純的“斷捨離”更具說服力,因為它基於一種數學上的期望值。這種從抽象的計算機科學原理中提煉齣生活智慧的能力,讓我對算法的敬畏感油然而生。它並非教你如何成為程序員,而是教你如何像一個高效的、邏輯嚴謹的係統一樣去思考,從而減少決策疲勞。
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