微分幾何 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

內容簡介

This book is a study of an aspect of Elie Cartan's contribution to thequestion "What is geometry?"
In the last century two great generalizations of Euclidean geometry ap-peared. The first was the discovery of the non-Euclidean geometries. Thesewere organized into a coherent whole by Felix Klein, who recognized themas various examples of coset spaces G/H of Lie groups. In this book we refer to these latter as Klein geometries. The second generalization was Georg Riemann's discovery of what we now call Riemannian geometry. These two theories seemed largely incompatible with one other.1
In the early 1920s Elie Cartan, one of the pioneers of the theory of Lie groups, found that it was possible to obtain a common generalization of these theories, which he called espaces generalizes and we call Cartan geometries (see diagram).

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前言/序言

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1854年德國數學傢黎曼（B. Riemann）在他的就職演講（Habilitationsschrift）中將高斯的理論推廣到n維空間，這就是黎曼幾何的誕生。其後許多數學傢，包括E. Beltrami， E. B. Christoffel，R. Lipschitz，L. Bianchi，T. Ricci開始沿著黎曼的思路進行研究。其中Bianchi是第一個將“微分幾何”作為書名的作者。

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整體微分幾何

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