美國公民讀本（英漢雙語版） 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

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內容簡介

　　《美國公民讀本（英漢雙語版）》是美國著名教育傢、曆史學傢，芝加哥大學第二任校長哈裏·Ｐ·賈德森教授為美國教師和學生寫作的一本通俗公民讀本。它具有雙重功能：一方麵讓學生通過此書得到閱讀訓練，同時讓他們從書中獲取更多知識。
　　作為一本公民讀本，書中對愛國精神、公民權利與自由、政府機構及其運行、財政稅收、公共管理等進行瞭闡述。當然作者寫作此書的本意並非構建一部公民學或曆史學的大作，而是一種通俗普及讀本。在講述這些知識時，當然會涉及美國曆史，因為書中概括的這些公民常識，都是曆史地、動態地形成的，每一個都淵源有自、可成為案例援引。書中各章節還插入瞭與該時期曆史文化相關的美國名傢筆下的文學篇章。讓本書內容更加豐富而具可讀性。
　　正如作者所言："寫作此讀本，旨在嚮讀者傳授純粹的愛國精神與公民智慧。"國內齣版的雙語版，也本著兩個目的：一是讓學生通過閱讀，英文水平得到提高；二是拓寬其知識和視野，成為一位卓越的世界公民。

作者簡介

作者：(美國)哈裏？P？賈德森 譯者：洪友 哈裏？P？賈德森(1849-1927)美國著名教育傢和曆史學傢、芝加哥大學第二任校長，其研究方嚮主要為憲法和外交史。 賈德森齣生於紐約詹姆斯鎮，畢業於威廉姆斯學院，後從事教育工作，1885－1892年在明尼蘇達大學擔任曆史學與教育學教授，後任芝加哥大學政治科學教授兼係主任，以及藝術、文學與科學係教授兼係主任。 芝加哥大學創始人兼校長威廉？哈珀欣賞賈德森教授廣博的研究領域與治學風格，邀他加入芝加哥大學。賈德森教授也被哈珀校長卓越的教育規劃所吸引。1892年，賈德森從明尼蘇達大學來到芝加哥大學，幫助組建芝加哥大學的教育體係與規劃，與哈珀共同領導和管理芝加哥大學。1906年哈珀去世，賈德森接任校長，直至1923年退休。 賈德森教授寫作瞭不少著作，除學術之作外，他還為美國學生編寫瞭一些經典讀物，如《美國公民讀本》和《美國學生文學讀本》(1－8級)等。

內頁插圖

目錄

CHAPTER I Our Country
CHAPTER II The Republic
CHAPTER III Laws and Their Makers
CHAPTER IV What We Mean by Government
CHAPTER V How the People of Europe Found America and Came to Live in It
CHAPTER VI National Independence
CHAPTER VII A Federal Republic
CHAPTER VIII American Home Rule
CHAPTER IX The Law-Makers
CHAPTER X How Laws Are Enforced
CHAPTER XI The President's Cabinet
CHAPTER XII How Laws Are Enforced in the States
CHAPTER XIII Judge and Jury
CHAPTER XIV How the Government Gets Money
CHAPTER XV Who We Are
CHAPTER XVI Who Are Our Rulers
APPEND A Brief Account of the Constitution of the United States
PART II 中文閱讀
CHAPTER 01 我們的祖國
CHAPTER 02 共和國
CHAPTER 03 法律和立法者
CHAPTER 04 政府對我們的地位是怎樣界定的
CHAPTER 05 歐洲人怎樣發現美洲並遷居於此
CHAPTER 06 民族獨立
CHAPTER 07 一個聯邦製的共和國
CHAPTER 08 美國的地方自治
CHAPTER 09 立法者
CHAPTER 10 法律是怎樣執行的
CHAPTER 11 總統內閣
CHAPTER 12 法律在各州是怎樣執行的
CHAPTER 13 法官和陪審團
CHAPTER 14 政府怎樣籌錢
CHAPTER 15 我們是誰
CHAPTER 16 誰統治我們

精彩書摘

　　CHAPTER I　Our Country
　　1. Why We Love Our Country. Every good American citizen loves his country and is proud of it. We have very good reasons both for the love and for the pride. Ours is one of the greatest nations of the world, in area of territory, in number of people, in wealth and in power. We also think that the citizens of the great republic are among the most intelligent in the world. Free public schools make it possible for every one to get some sort of an education, and books and newspapers are found in every home. But better still is the liberty which we enjoy. We have no king or emperor to rule over us. We choose our own officers of state, who, indeed, are not our rulers, but are merely public servants. In some countries the police are constantly interfering with people. A public meeting cannot be held without the consent of the police. The police watch the hotel registers and keep careful track of all strangers. If a club or a debating society is formed, the police have to be notified. Then, too, every young man has to spend several years as a soldier-for most of the nations of Europe keep vast armies always ready for war. Now, with us the policeman and the soldier are much less prominent. As long as one is not a thief or some other sort of criminal, the police let one quite alone. And no one in our country needs to be a soldier at all. Our few soldiers are all volunteers. In short, we live in a free land, in which every one may live his life in his own way, so long as he does not interfere with the rights of his neighbors.
　　2. These are some reasons for loving our country. There are many other reasons too, but perhaps these are enough to show what we mean. Still, it may be as well to add one more-it is our home. There are few words dearer to any genuine man or woman than home. But just as the home is the center of the life of the family, so our country is the center of the nation's life. It is our home land-the land of our fathers and mothers, of our brothers and sisters. And he is a poor ingrate who does not dearly love his home.
　　3. What We Mean by a Patriot. A patriot is one who loves his fatherland-his country. People show patriotism in various ways. In time of war, when the national safety is menaced by a public enemy, men are ready to enter the army and to give their lives, if need be, in defense of their country. A true patriot, too, is pleased by everything which reflects credit on his homeland. He is anxious that its public affairs shall be stained with no meanness or dishonor. He is anxious that its government shall always be just and generous in dealing with the governments of other nations. He does not wish an advantage secured from any other nation, especially from a weaker one, by wanton violence or by fraud. He is delighted with every advance of his country in the arts of civilization, and pained at the triumph of evil men or of vicious measures. And he is always ready to do what he can to make his country better or stronger or safer.
　　4. What a Patriot is Not. We have seen some of the reasons which an American has for being proud of his country. But in order to be a patriot it is not at all necessary to be a boaster. Indeed, a true patriot is so sure of the solid merit of his country that he does not need to say much about it. If a man is in the habit of talking about his own honesty, it leads others to suspect that perhaps after all he is trying to cover up a streak of dishonesty. At any rate, bragging is a weak and foolish habit. And bragging of one's country is quite as foolish as it is for a boy to boast of his father's wealth or of his sister's beauty.
　　5. Neither is it a sign of patriotism to despise other countries. We may love our own the best, but one who does not know that other countries also are great and powerful and famous, is merely very ignorant. If we respect other nations for their good qualities, we are all the better fitted to understand and admire the like qualities in our own.
　　6. Sneering at other races is no sign of patriotism. Boys and girls sometimes are apt to think themselves better than one of their mates who was born in a foreign land, and to show their superiority by using for him some sort of foolish nickname. But this is very silly. Is he a German? The Germans have some of the greatest names and have done some of the greatest deeds in all history. Is he an Italian? Italy is a beautiful land, famous for some of the finest painters and musicians, and for some of the wisest statesmen and the bravest soldiers of any land. Is he a Jew? They are a wonderful people, and a list of the great men who are Jews would be a very long one. Indeed, one may well be glad and proud to belong to any of these races, or of many others which might be mentioned.
　　7.What a Patriot Should Know. It is not enough for a patriot to think that his country is a very good and comfortable land. No opinion is worth much unless it comes from actual knowledge. It is a very commonly observed fact that the more ignorant people are, the more they are stuffed with prejudices. But prejudice is merely a strong opinion which is formed with a very scanty basis of knowledge. Now, in fact, no opinion is worth much, as we said, unless it belongs to one who knows what he is talking about. A jeweler who has spent all his life in a city, probably would not know much about farming. If, then, he should go into the country and begin giving a farmer advice about the management of his crops, the farmer would laugh at him. The jeweler's opinion about repairing a watch would doubtless be better than the farmer's, but, on the other hand, the farmer would be apt to know more about planting corn. In other words, it is knowledge that gives an opinion its value.
　　8. Then, our opinions about our country are not worth very much unless we know something of its history. We ought to know how it is governed, how the laws are made, how they are enforced, what the courts are and how they do their work, what are the rights of a citizen and what are not his rights. We ought to know how our country came to be what it is, who are some of the great men it has produced, and what they have done. With some of this knowledge our opinions are much less likely to be mere prejudices.
　　9. There is another important reason for knowing something about the way in which our country is governed. With us about every man of full age, that is, twenty-one years old or over, is a voter. The most of all public officers are elected. And a voter is not very useful whose ideas of what he is voting for are in a fog. He is easily led by shrewd and unscrupulous demagogues; he is simply a tool, a slave. It is often said that knowledge is power. We might add that knowledge of public affairs is liberty.
　　10. The Flag. Every nation has a flag of its own, with 美國公民讀本（英漢雙語版） 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書 格式

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閱讀使人充實，會談使人敏捷，寫作與筆記使人精確……史鑒使人明智；詩歌使人巧慧；數學使人精細；博物使人深沉；倫理之學使人莊重；邏輯與修辭使人善辯。 ——培根 人是活的，書是死的。活人讀死書，可以把書讀活。死書讀活人，可以把人讀死。 ——郭沫若 不去讀書就沒有真正的教養，同時也不可能有什麼鑒彆力。 ——赫爾岑 好書是偉大心靈的富貴血脈。———彌爾頓 讀一本好書，就是和許多高尚的人談話。———歌德 讀書時，我願在每一個美好思想的麵前停留，就像在每一條真理麵前停留一樣。———愛默生 書籍是在時代的波濤中航行的思想之船，它小心翼翼地把珍貴的貨物運送給一代又一代。 ———培根 好的書籍是最貴重的珍寶——彆林斯基 書是唯一不死的東西——丘特 書籍使人們成為宇宙的主人 ——巴甫連柯 書中橫臥著整個過去的靈魂——卡萊爾

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這本書可以幫助讀者大概瞭解美國的曆史和相關製度，作為一個外國人或是以後準備去美國留學的人，看看還是增長見識和有用的，尤其是雙語，前麵英文，後麵中文，對學習英文也是很有幫助。

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瞭解美國人的生活狀態

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瞭解美國的經典讀物，對瞭解1930年以前的美國很有幫助。

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