物理學經典教材：統計力學（第2版） [Statistical Mechanics Made Simple 2nd Edition] 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

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內容簡介

For this new edition， each chapter was revised and improved， typos corrected and figures added， some in response to many helpful comments on the first edition. We especially thank Professor Milton W. Cole for his correction of a factor 2 in the specific heat of a 1D hard-core Bose gas. Additionally， solutions to some representative problems have been included in an Appendix.
But， more t.han mere revision and expansion of the material， it is the wit and knowledge of a new co-author that has greatly improved the present text. Thanks to this couaboration the topics of renormalization group and Monte-Carlo numerical techniques could be treated on a par with more conventional elements of statistical thermodynamics. The addition of these important subjects and the expansion of topics that previously had been just many-body theory and phase transitions. We present this new edition in the hope it will better serve the contemporary student while offering to the instructor a wider， more useful choice of lecture materials.

內頁插圖

目錄

Preface to Second Edition
Preface to First Edition
Introduction: Theories of Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and
Statistical Mechanics
Chapter 1 Elementary Concepts in Statistics and Probability
1.0.Random Variables and Their Distributions
1.1.The Binomial Distribution
1.2.Length of a Winning Streak
1.3.Brownian Motion and the Random Walk
1.4.Poisson versus Normal （Gaussian） Distributions
1.5.Central Limit Theorem （CLT）
1.6.Multinomial Distributions, Statistical Thermodynamics
1.7.The Barometer Equation
1.8.Other Distributions

Chapter 2 The Ising Model and the Lattice Gas
2.0.Physical Applications of the Binary Model
2.1.Some Background and Motivation
2.2.First-Principles Statistical Theory of Paramagnetism
2.3.More on Entropy and Energy
2.4.Some Other Relevant Thermodynamic Functions
2.5.Mean-Field Theory, Stable and Metastable Solutions
2.6.The Lattice Gas
2.7.The Nearest-Neighbor Chain: Thermodynamics in 1D
2.8.The Disordered Ising Chain
2.9.Other Magnetic Systems in One Dimension

Chapter 3 Elements of Thermodynamics
3.1.The Scope of Thermodynamics
3.2.Equations of State and Some Definitions
3.3.Maxwell Relations
3.4.Three Important Laws of Thermodynamics
3.5.The Second Derivatives of the Free Energy
3.6.Phase Diagrams for the van der Waals Gas
3.7.Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
3.8.Phase Transitions
3.9.The Carnot Cycle
3.10. Superconductivity

Chapter 4 Statistical Mechanics
4.0.An Axiomatic Approach and the Ergodic Hypothesis
4.1.The Formalism - and a False Start
4.2.Gibbs' Paradox and Its Remedy
4.3.The Gibbs Factor
4.4.The Grand Ensemble
4.5.Non-Ideal Gas and the 2-Body Correlation Function
4.6.The Virial Equation of State
4.7.Weakly Non-Ideal Gas
4.8. .Two-body Correlations
4.9.Configurational Partition Function in 1D
4.10. One Dimension versus Two
4.11. Two Dimensions versus Three: The Debye-Waller Factors
4.12. Specific Heat of Quasi-Ideal Dilute Atomic and Diatomic Gases
4.13. Nanophysics and Inhomogeneity

Chapter 5 The World of Bosons
5.0. Quantum "Statistics"
5.1.Two Types of Bosons and Their Operators
5.2.Number Representation and the Many-Body Problem
5.3.The Adiabatic Process and Conservation of Entropy
5.4.Many-Body Perturbations
5.5. Photons
……
Chapter 6 All About Fermions: Theories of Metals,Superconductors, Semiconductors
Chapter 7 Kinetic Theory
Chapter 8 The Transfer Matrix
Chapter 9 Monte Carlo and Other Computer Simulation Methods
Chapter 10 Critical Phenomena and the Renormalization Group
Chapter 11 Some Uses of Quantum Field Theory in Statistical Physics

前言/序言

物理學經典教材：統計力學（第2版） [Statistical Mechanics Made Simple 2nd Edition] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書 格式

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　　讓我們用瞭個簡單的理想實驗來演示這樣三個步驟。前麵已經說過，原子是由一個原子核和環繞原子核運動的電子所組成；前麵也已論述過，電子軌道的概念是可疑的。人們或許會主張，至少原則上應當能夠觀察到軌道中的電子。人們可以簡單地通過一個分辨本領非常高的顯微鏡來觀看原子，這樣就應該能看到在軌道中運動的電子。當然，使用普通光的顯微鏡是不能達到這樣高的分辨本領的，因為位置測量的不準確度決不能小於光的波長。但是一個用波長小於原子大小的γ射綫的顯微鏡將能做到這一點。這樣的顯微鏡尚未被製造齣來，但這不應當妨礙我們討論這個理想實驗。　

評分☆☆☆☆☆

　　第一個步驟，即將觀測結果轉達成一個幾率函數，是可能做到的嗎，隻有在觀測後滿足測不準關係時，這纔是可能的。電子的位置可以觀測得這樣準確，其準確度隨γ射綫的波長而定。在觀測前電子可以說實際上是靜止的。但是在觀測作用過程中，至少有一個γ射綫的光量子必須通過顯微鏡，並且必須首先被電子所偏轉。因此，電子也被光量子所撞擊，這就改變瞭它的動量和速度。人們能夠證明，這種變化的測不準性正好大到足以保證測不準關係的成立。因此，關於第一個步驟，沒有絲毫睏難。　

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評分☆☆☆☆☆

評分☆☆☆☆☆

　　讓我們用瞭個簡單的理想實驗來演示這樣三個步驟。前麵已經說過，原子是由一個原子核和環繞原子核運動的電子所組成；前麵也已論述過，電子軌道的概念是可疑的。人們或許會主張，至少原則上應當能夠觀察到軌道中的電子。人們可以簡單地通過一個分辨本領非常高的顯微鏡來觀看原子，這樣就應該能看到在軌道中運動的電子。當然，使用普通光的顯微鏡是不能達到這樣高的分辨本領的，因為位置測量的不準確度決不能小於光的波長。但是一個用波長小於原子大小的γ射綫的顯微鏡將能做到這一點。這樣的顯微鏡尚未被製造齣來，但這不應當妨礙我們討論這個理想實驗。　

評分☆☆☆☆☆

是有關方麵的一本好書

類似圖書 點擊查看全場最低價