內容簡介
《公眾及其問題(英文版)》中,杜威的經驗涵義不完全是從哲學的觀點來給予界定,他把生物學的涵義,摻入在經驗裏。從生物與環境的交互行動中,提示吾人:經驗應該是多元性的,即産生經驗的情境、內容、關係,都是來自生活。是個人經驗生活的一個單元。其次,杜威把他工具哲學(Instrumentalism)的知識論看法,也帶給經驗一種新的理論,即經驗是工具性的。經驗自身並不就是價值的所在;經驗之可貴,乃在於能夠替吾人解決生活上的實際問題。從生活的本質上,來增進人類的生活經驗,提供人類更進一步、更有效的與自然直接交往的憑藉。
目錄
序言
第一章 尋找公眾
第二章 發現國傢
第三章 民主國傢
第四章 公眾的消失
第五章 尋找大共同體
第六章 方法問題
後記
索引
精彩書摘
《公眾及其問題(英文版)》:
The problem would have taken the form of defining the relationship which non—political groups bear to political union.But, as we have already remarked, the obnoxious state was closely bound up in fact and in tradition with other associations, ecclesiastic (and through its influence with the family), and economic, such as gilds and corporations, and, by means of the church—state, even with unions for scientific inquiry and with educationalinstitutions.The easiest way out was to go back to the naked individual, to sweep away all associations as foreign to his nature and rights save as they proceeded from his own voluntary choice, and guaranteed his own private ends.
Notlung better exhibits the scope of the movement than the fact that philosophic theories of knowledge made the same appeal to the self, or ego, in the form of personal consciousness identified with mind itself, that political theory made to the natural individual, as the court of ultimate resort. The schools of Locke and Descartes, however much they were opposed in other respects, agreed in this, differing only as to whether the sentient or rational nature of the individual was the fundamental thing.From philosophy the idea crept into psychology, which became an introspective and introverted account of isolated and ultimate private consciousness.
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