编辑推荐
《西方文明史(第5版)》囊括了历史地理、政治制度、经济样式、地区冲突与战争、宗教、思想观念、文化艺术、社会生活等诸多的内容,让读者对西方文明史的整体轮廓与丰厚积淀有了一个比较清晰的认识。
This bust of Socrates portrays himwith the traditional beard of thephilosopher.His features display thetraditiOn that thiS man.whosethoughts were the most beautiful.was nevertheless of rema rkablyhomely appearance.The battle of Agincourt(1415)wasone of the great battles of the HundredYears’War.
The heavily armoredFrench cavalry mel defeat at lhehands of a much smaller force ofdisciplined English pikemen andIongbowmen.
This image of Henry VIII is amongthe most recognizable from an age of mona rchy that began in the sixteenth century and coincided withthe consoI;dations of nations in western Europe and their expansioninto aII CO rners of the g10be Everywhere small principalities and kingdoms were absorbed by theirlarger and more powerful neighbors,and EuropeS military might was ondisplay as far easl as India and asfar west as Peru.
Though Englandplayed but a smalI part in a centurydominated by Spain and France,even its monarch could believe thathe bestrode lhe world fike a colossus.This cartoon depicts the plightof the French peasants.An oldfa rme r iS bowed down Unde rthe weight of the p riviIegeda ristoc racy and cle rgy whilebirds and rabbits,protected byunfair game laws,eat his crops.
内容简介
《西方文明史》既紧紧把握了政治发展的线索,同时又兼顾了经济、文化等诸多领域,并运用“新史学”的方法,将底层大众的日常社会生活也囊括其中,力求多层次、多角度地揭示西方文明起源、发展、演进、更新的漫长历程和整体图景。在叙述和阐释西方文明历史的过程中,作者将大多数精力“一直聚焦在拓展出一种对西方文明的可靠的和易读的叙述上”,而并非要将之写成“一部百科全书”。因此,凡是与这一学术主旨不相关的庞杂内容一概不予叙述,而那些被长期忽略了的“普通男女的历史”则被纳入到叙事之中。此外,作者还从文明的“亲缘”关系出发,将斯拉夫文明作为西方文明的组成部分而不是边缘地带来加以叙述。正是基于这样的新理念,该书囊括了历史地理、政治制度、经济样式、地区冲突与战争、宗教、思想观念、文化艺术、社会生活等诸多的内容,让读者对西方文明史的整体轮廓与丰厚积淀有了一个比较清晰的认识。
内页插图
目录
Detailed Contents
Preface
Supplements
About the Authors
INTRODUCTION: The Idea of Western Civilization
Chapter 1 The First Civilizations
Chapter 2 Early Greece,2500-500 B.C.E.
Chapter 3 Classical and Hellenistic Greece,500-100 B.C.E.
Chapter 4 Eady Rome and the Roman Republic,800-146 B.C.E.
Chapter 5 Imperial Rome,146 B.C.E.-192 C.E.
Chapter 6 The Transformation of the Classical World,192-500
Chapter 7 The Classical Legacy in the East: Byzantium and Islam
Chapter 8 The West in the Early Middle Ages,500-900
Chapter 9 The High Middle Ages,900-1300
Chapter 10 The Later Middle Ages,1300-1500
Chapter 11 The Italian Renaissance
Chapter 12 The European Empires
Chapter 13 The Reform of Religion
Chapter 14 Europeat War,I555-I648
Chapter 15 The Experiences of Life in Early Modern Europe,1500-1650
Chapter 16 The Royal State in the Seventeenth Century
Chapter 17 Science and Commerce in Early Modern Europe
Chapter 18 The Balance of Power in Eighteenth-Century Europe
Chapter 19 Culture and Society in Eighteenth-Century Europe
Chapter 20 The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Era,1789-1815
Chapter 21 Industrial Europe
Chapter 22 Political Upheavals and Social Transformations,1815-1850
Chapter 23 State Building and Social Change in Europe,1850-1871
Chapter 24 The Crisis ofEuropean Culture,1871-1914
Chapter 25 Europe and the World,1870-1914
Chapter 26 War and Revolution,1914-1920
Chapter 27 The European Search for Stability,1920-1939
Chapter 28 Global Conflagration: Wodd War Ⅱ,/939-1945
Chapter 29 The Cold War and Postwar Economic Recovery,1945-1970
Chapter 30 The End of the Cold War and New Global Challenges,1970 to the Present
词汇与注释
精彩书摘
The West is an idea.It is not visible from space.An astro-naut viewing the blue——and·-white terrestrial sphere can make out the forms of Africa,bounded by the Atlantic,the Indian Ocean,the Red Sea,and the Mediterranean.Australia,the Americas,and even Antarctica are distinct patches of blue-green in the darker waters that surround them.But nothing comparable separates Asia from Europe,East from West.Viewed from 100 miles up,the West itself is invisible.Although astronauts can see the great Eurasian landmass curving around the Northern Hemisphere,the Ural Mountainsmthe theoretical boundary between East and West——appear faint from space.Certainly they are less impressive than the towering Himalayas,the Alps,or even the Caucasus.People,not geology,determined that the Urals should be the arbitrary boundary between Europe and Asia. Even this determination took centuries.Originally,Europe was a name that referred only to central Greece.Gradually,Greeks extended it to include the whole Greek mainland and then the landmass to the north.Later,Roman explorers and soldiers carried Europe north and west to its modern bound-aries.Asia too grew with time.Initially,Asia was only that small portion of what is today Turkey inland from the Aegean Sea.Gradually,as Greek explorers came to know of lands far-ther east,north,and south,they expanded their understand。ing of Asia to include everything east of the Don River to the north and ofthe Red Sea to the south. Western civilization is as much an idea as the West itsel Under the right conditions,astronauts can see the Great Wall of China snaking its way from the edge of the Himalayas to the Yellow Sea.No comparable physical legacy ofthe West is so mas-sire that its details can be discerned from space.Nor are Western achievements rooted forever in one corner of the world.Ⅵ1at we call Western civilization belongs to no particular place.Its lo.cation has changed since the origins of civilization,that is,the cultural and social traditions characteristic of the civitas,or city.Western”cities appeared first outside the”West),in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins in present-day Iraq and Iran,a region山at we today call the Middle East.These areas have never losttheir urban traditions,but in time,other cities in North Africa,Greece,and Italy adapted and expanded this heritage. Until the sixteenth century c…E the western end of the Eurasian landmass was the crucible in which disparate cul.tural and intellectual traditions of the Near East.the Mediterranean,and northern and western Europe were smelted into a new and powerful alloy.Then“the West”ex-panded by establishing colonies overseas and by giving rise tothe“settler societies”of the Americas,Australia and NewZealand,and South Africa.Western technology for harnessing nature,Westerh formsof economic and political organization,Western styles of artand music are for good or ill-一dominant influences inworld civilization.Japan is a leading power in the Western tra.ditions of capitalist commerce and technology.China,themost populous country in the world,adheres to Marxist so.cialist principles——a European political tradition.Millions ofpeople in Africa,Asia,and the Americas follow the religions ofIslam and Christianity,both of which developed fromJudaism in the cradle ofWestern civilization.
前言/序言
正如德国人的人文著述中充满日尔曼民族的自豪感和优越感那样,西方历史学家在撰写他们自己的文明史时,往往会过度褒扬西方人的民族性、制度和文化。在他们的笔下,西方文明通常被看做人类文明发展的主线和轴心,东方文明则自然成为“化外”或“非主流”。M.A.凯什岚斯基(M。A.Kishlallsky)等人的《西方文明史》似乎突破了这一思想束缚和文化囹固,采用一种客观的、联系的和发展的观点来追溯西方文明的历史足迹。这在林林总总的西方文明史的著作当中,不得不说是难能可贵的了。
《西方文明史》(第5版) 内容概述: 《西方文明史》(第5版)是一部深入浅出的学术著作,旨在为读者呈现西方文明波澜壮阔的发展历程。本书以其严谨的学术态度、宏大的历史视野和清晰的叙事结构,全面梳理了西方文明自史前时代至今的演变脉络,重点关注其关键节点、核心思想、文化遗产及其对当今世界的深远影响。 本书内容涵盖了从古希腊罗马的哲学、政治、艺术,到中世纪基督教文明的兴起与发展,再到文艺复兴、宗教改革、启蒙运动的思想解放,直至近现代民族国家的形成、工业革命的浪潮、两次世界大战的洗礼以及当今全球化时代的挑战与机遇。作者在叙述历史事件的同时,更注重挖掘其背后的深层动因、社会变革以及思想文化上的互动与演变。 本书的特色与亮点: 宏大的历史叙事与精细的史实考证相结合: 本书在展现西方文明宏大图景的同时,不乏对具体历史事件、重要人物、文化思潮的深入剖析。作者引证了大量的史料,确保了内容的准确性和学术深度。 强调文明的连续性与内在逻辑: 本书不仅仅是历史事件的堆砌,更着力于揭示西方文明内部不同时期、不同领域之间的联系和演变规律。从古老的传统如何影响后来的发展,到不同思想的碰撞与融合,本书提供了一个连贯而富有逻辑的历史叙事。 关注文明的“未竟遗产”: 书名中的“The Unfinished Legacy”(未竟遗产)点明了本书的核心关切。作者强调,西方文明并非一个固定的、已然完成的整体,而是持续演变、不断面临新的挑战与重塑的过程。本书深入探讨了西方文明的核心价值观、政治制度、社会结构等在当今世界所扮演的角色,以及其在面对全球化、技术变革、文化多元化等新趋势时的适应与调整。 多元视角与批判性思维: 本书鼓励读者以多元的视角审视西方文明,不回避其发展过程中的矛盾、冲突和负面影响。作者引导读者进行批判性思考,理解历史的复杂性,并从中汲取智慧,更好地理解当今世界。 清晰的章节结构与丰富的辅助材料: 本书结构清晰,脉络分明,便于读者理解和学习。每章都可能包含重要的图表、地图、文献摘录以及思考题,有助于加深读者对内容的理解和掌握。 对“实用礼仪”的文化根源的探索: 作为“21世纪实用礼仪系列教材”的一部分,本书在介绍西方文明史的同时,也必然会涉及西方社会在历史发展过程中形成的各种行为规范、价值观念和社会习俗。这些在历史长河中沉淀下来的文化元素,构成了现代西方礼仪的深层根源,有助于读者理解和掌握当代西方社会的交往规则。 本书的价值与意义: 《西方文明史》(第5版)不仅是一部严谨的学术著作,更是一扇理解西方世界、洞察现代社会运作机制的窗口。对于学习外语的学子而言,深入了解西方文明的根源和演变,能够极大地提升跨文化理解能力,为更有效地学习和运用英语打下坚实的基础。同时,本书也能帮助读者建立更宏观的历史观,认识到人类文明发展的多样性与共通性,从而以更开阔的视野来理解世界和我们自身所处的时代。 无论是作为专业学习的教材,还是作为拓宽视野、深化人文素养的读物,本书都将为读者带来深刻的启迪和丰富的收获。它将引领读者踏上一段穿越时空的旅程,去探寻西方文明的过去、现在与未来。