柏拉图著作集5（英文本） [Translated into English with Analyses and Introductions by Benjamin Jowett] 下载 mobi epub pdf 电子书 2025

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此套《柏拉图著作集5（英文本）》是为适应中国读者阅读、研究柏拉图著作的需要而编辑出版的，共6卷。尽管柏拉图的著作，尤其是一些名篇，至20世纪出现了不少优秀译文，但一百余年前乔伊特这套完整的英译本仍然具有不可替代的地位和价值。百余年来，该译本经多次再版，广为传播，为柏拉图的研究和阐释作出了历史性的贡献，至今仍具有不可替代的文学魅力和学术价值。
此英译本在中国国内的出版有着重要的学术意义，一方面可以澄清以往的中译本中那些含混不清的译法或者误译、漏译的地方，另一方面可以为读者提供不同的阐释，以供对照，这对于像柏拉图这样重要的哲学家而言是非常必要的。
《柏拉图著作集5（英文本）》为该套文集之第5卷。

内容简介

收入本杰明·乔伊特所译的全部柏拉图作品，每篇附有乔伊特所作的导读和分析；另附其他人所译的《大希庇阿斯》、《第七封信》等，以及英文原版的柏拉图著作索引。

作者简介

本杰明·乔伊特（Benjamin Jowett，1817-1893），牛津大学教授，19世纪英国杰出的古典学学者，以翻译和研究古希腊哲学著作知名。乔伊特所译柏拉图著作英译本首次出版于1871年，收录柏拉图绝大部分作品，迄今为止是由同一人所译的篇幅最多、最完整的英译本。百余年来，该译本经多次再版，广为传播，为柏拉图著作的研究和阐释作出了历史性的贡献，至今仍具有独特的文学魅力和学术价值。

目录

Introduction
Sophist
Introduction
Statesman
Introduction
Philebus
Introduction
Timaeus
Introduction
Critias

精彩书摘

But suppose， once more， that we were to appoint someone as the guardian of the law， who was both ignorant and interested， and who perverted the law： would not this be a still worse evil than the other? Certainly. For the laws are based on some experience and wisdom. Hence the wiser course is， that they should be observed， although this is not the best thing of all， but only the second best. And whoever， having skill， should try to improve them， would act in the spirit of the lawgiver. But then， as we have seen， no great number of men， whether poor or rich， can be makers of laws. And so， the nearest approach to true government is， when men do nothing contrary to their own written laws and national customs. When the rich preserve their customs and maintain the law， this is called aristocracy， or if they neglect the law， oligarchy. When an individual rules according to law， whether by the help of science or opinion， this is called monarchy； and when he has royal science he is a king， whether he be so in fact or not； but when he rules in spite of law， and is blind with ignorance and passion， he is called a tyrant. These forms of government exist， because men despair of the.true king ever appearing among them； if he were to appear， they would joyfully hand over to him the reins of government. But， as there is no natural ruler of the hive， they meet together and make laws. And do we wonder， when the foundation of politics is in the letter only， at the miseries of states? Ought we not rather to admire the strength of the political bond? For cities have endured the worst of evils time out of mind； many cities have been shipwrecked， and some are like ships foundering， because their pilots are absolutely ignorant of the science which they profess.
Let us next ask， which of these untrue forms of government is the least bad， and which of them is the worst? I said at the beginning， that each of the three forms of government， royalty， aristocracy， and democracy， might be divided into two， so that the whole number of them， including the best， will be seven. Under monarchy we have already distinguished royalty and tyranny； of oligarchy there were two kinds， aristocracy and plutocracy and democracy may also be divided， for there is a democracy which observes， and a democracy which neglects， the laws. The government of one is the best and the worst： the government of a few is less bad and less good： the government of the many is the least bad and least good of them all， being the best of all lawless governments， and the worst of all lawful ones.

前言/序言

柏拉图著作集5（英文本） [Translated into English with Analyses and Introductions by Benjamin Jowett] 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书 格式

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要求进行有节制的交配,以获得尽可能最优秀的后代。这

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法所导致的是教育理论。柏拉图的共产主义(communism) 所采取的两种主要方

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百余年来，该译本经多次再版，广为传播，为柏拉图的研究和阐释作出了历史性的贡献，至今仍具有不可替代的文学魅力和学术价值。

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何特殊的意义上说是属于个人的。反之,它们乃是内在于

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柏拉图有关国家理论的一般纲要即是如此。他的这个

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全英文很好的

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苏格拉底（Socrates，前469——前399年）被后人认为是西方哲学的奠基者。苏格拉底常说：“我只知道自己一无所知”，“我像一只猎犬一样追寻真理的足迹”，“我的母亲是个助产婆，我要追随她的脚步，我是个精神上的助产士，帮助别人产生他们自己的思想。”他曾自问：什么是哲学？他自答： “认识你自己！（know yourself）” 苏格拉底在2000年前提出了“知识即美德”的神圣思想，他的思想中心是探讨人生的目的和善德。他强调人们在现实生活中获得的各种有益的或有害的目的和道德规范都是相对的，只有探求普遍的、绝对的善的概念，把握概念的真知识，才是人们最高的生活目的和至善的美德。他提倡人们认识做人的道理，过有道德的生活。苏格拉底认为，一个人要有道德就必须有道德的知识，一切不道德的行为都是无知的结果。人们只有摆脱物欲的诱惑和后天经验的局限，获得概念的知识，才会有智慧、勇敢、节制和正义等美德。他认为道德只能凭心灵和神的安排，道德教育就是使人认识心灵和神，听从神灵的训示。苏格拉底提出肉体易逝，灵魂不朽，认为天上和地上各种事物的生存、发展和毁灭都是神安排的，神是世界的主宰。

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实是任何希腊哲学家的政治理论所不涉的。

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柏拉图的分析就必须根据服务而不是根据权力(powers) 来

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