分析（第1捲） [Analysis 1] 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

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內容簡介

　　The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning， it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts， as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&，rts， the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities， and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
　　This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum， Kiel， Zurich， Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading， we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses， not only elegance and inner beauty， but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.

內頁插圖

目錄

Preface
Chapter Ⅰ Foundations
1 Fundamentals of Logic
2 Sets
Elementary Facts
The Power Set
Complement, Intersection and Union
Products
Families of Sets
3 Functions，
Simple Examples
Composition of Functions
Commutative Diagrams
Injections, Surjections and Bijections
Inverse Functions
Set Valued Functions
4 Relations and Operations
Equivalence Relations
Order Relations
Operations
5 The Natural Numbers
The Peano Axioms
The Arithmetic of Natural Numbers
The Division Algorithm
The Induction Principle
Recursive Definitions
6 Countability
Permutations
Equinumerous Sets
Countable Sets
Infinite Products
7 Groups and Homomorphisms
Groups
Subgroups
Cosets
Homomorphisms
Isomorphisms
8 R.ings, Fields and Polynomials
Rings
The Binomial Theorem
The Multinomial Theorem
Fields
Ordered Fields
Formal Power Series
Polynomials
Polynomial Functions
Division of Polynomiajs
Linear Factors
Polynomials in Several Indeterminates
9 The Rational Numbers
The Integers
The Rational Numbers
Rational Zeros of Polynomials
Square Roots
10 The Real Numbers
Order Completeness
Dedekind's Construction of the Real Numbers
The Natural Order on R
The Extended Number Line
A Characterization of Supremum and Infimum
The Archimedean Property
The Density of the Rational Numbers in R
nth Roots
The Density of the Irrational Numbers in R
Intervals
Chapter Ⅱ Convergence
Chapter Ⅲ Continuous Functions
Chapter Ⅳ Differentiation in One Variable
Chapter Ⅴ Sequences of Functions
Appendix Introduction to Mathematical Logic
Bibliography
Index

前言/序言

　　Logical thinking， the analysis of complex relationships， the recognition of under- lying simple structures which are common to a multitude of problems - these are the skills which are needed to do mathematics， and their development is the main goal of mathematics education.
　　Of course， these skills cannot be learned 'in a vacuum'. Only a continuous struggle with concrete problems and a striving for deep understanding leads to success. A good measure of abstraction is needed to allow one to concentrate on the essential， without being distracted by appearances and irrelevancies.
　　The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning， it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts， as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&，rts， the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities， and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
　　This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum， Kiel， Zurich， Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading， we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses， not only elegance and inner beauty， but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.
　　Analysis itself begins in Chapter II. In the first chapter we discuss qLute thor- oughly the construction of number systems and present the fundamentals of linear algebra. This chapter is particularly suited for self-study and provides practice in the logical deduction of theorems from simple hypotheses. Here， the key is to focus on the essential in a given situation， and to avoid making unjustified assumptions.An experienced instructor can easily choose suitable material from this chapter to make up a course， or can use this foundational material as its need arises in the study of later sections.
　　……

分析（第1捲） [Analysis 1] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書 格式

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開筆此書前，我曾列過一個寫作計劃。按人名順序一個接一個去羅列—他們都是些浪蕩江湖，和我的人生軌跡曾交叉重疊的老友們。 　　當時，我坐在一輛咣當咣當的綠皮火車裏，天色微亮，周遭是不同省份的呼嚕聲。我找瞭個本子，塞著耳機一邊聽歌一邊寫……活著的、死瞭的、不知不覺寫滿瞭七八頁紙。我嚇瞭一跳，怎麼這麼多的素材？不過十年，故事卻多得堆積如山，這哪裏是一本書能夠寫的完的。 　　頭有點兒大，不知該如何取捨，於是索性隨手圈瞭幾個老友的人名。反正寫誰都是寫，就像一大串美味的葡萄，隨手摘下的，都是一粒粒飽滿的甜。隨手圈下的名單，是為此書篇章構成之由來。圈完後一抬頭，車窗外沒有起伏，亦沒有喬木，已是一馬平川的華北平原。 　　書的創作過程中，我慢慢梳理齣瞭一些東西，隱約發現自己將推展開的世界，於已經習慣瞭單一幸福感獲取途徑的人們而言，那是另一種幸福感。 　　那是一些值得我們去認可、尋覓的幸福感。他們或許是陌生的，但發著光。在我的認知中，一個成熟健全的當代文明社會，理應尊重多元的個體價值觀，理應尊重個體幸福感獲得方式。這種尊重，應該建立在瞭解的基礎之上，鑒於國人文化傳統裏對陌生事物的天然抵觸因子，“如何去瞭解”這幾個字愈發重要。 　　那麼，親愛的們，我該如何去讓你瞭解那些多元而又陌生的幸福感呢？ 　　寫書時，恰逢山東大學抬愛，讓我有緣受聘於山東大學儒學高等研究院，於是趁機做瞭一場名為《亞文化下成長方式的田野調查》的報告講座。 　　那天會場塞滿瞭人，場麵齣乎意料的火爆，來的大都是85 後和90後。我講的就是這份名單：大軍、路平、月月、白瑪央宗……我和他們的共同生活就是一場田野調查。我沒用太學術的語言詞匯去貫穿講座，但講瞭許多細節的故事， 那天的敘述方式，是為本書行文的基調。 　　卡爾維諾說：“要把地麵上的人看清楚，就要和地麵保持距離”。這句話給我帶來一個意像：一個穿西服打領帶的人，手足並用爬在樹上，和大部分同類保持著恰當的距離。他晃蕩著腿，騎在自我設定的叛逆裏，心無掛礙，樂在其中。偶爾低頭看看周遭過客，偶爾抬頭，漫天星鬥。 　　我期待齣到第十本書的時候，也能爬上這樣一棵樹。 　　當下是我第一本書，芹獻諸君後，若價值觀和您不重疊、行文有不得人心處，請姑念初犯…… 　　我下次不會改的。 　　等我爬上樹瞭再說。 　　我不敢說這本書寫得有多好多好，也懶得妄自菲薄，隻知過程中三易其稿，惹得責編戴剋莎小姐幾度差點兒忿極而泣。如此這般摺騰，僅為本色二字：講故事人的本色，故事中人們的本色。 　　或許，打磨齣本色的過程，也是爬樹的過程吧。 　　文至筆端心意淺，話到唇畔易虛言，且灑蓮實二三子，自有方傢識真顔。 　　這本書完稿後，我背起吉他，從北到南，用一個月的時間挨個去探望瞭書中的老友們，除瞭那個不用手機的女孩，其他的人我幾乎見瞭一個遍。

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Hilbert space（希爾伯特空間）的定義是一個complete的inner product space。LZ所說的空間是l^2，隻是一種Hilbert空間的例子。

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總的來說,它們的證明簡潔和邏輯但需要一些耐心跟隨。當做齣一個論點,作者經常引用前題一個b。c和定理x y。沒有顯式地聲明校長z,他們正在使用,即使它可能有一個名字。因此,作為一個讀者,你要麼必須願意遵循麵包屑他們提供或確保你明白為什麼他們的論證工作。這真的不是一個批評,隻是一個觀察。因為這個原因雖然,如果你打算買捲的工作,您N必須買捲N - 1。在每一捲,作者承認的序言中,他們的是太多的材料覆蓋在一個學期;事實上,至少有足夠的材料在每個捲為一個學年工作的價值。

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l^2裏麵既然是實數數列，其定義便是從N到R的函數，怎麼可以是有限呢？否則這函數就不是well-defined的瞭。

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阿曼和埃捨爾的分析，第一捲連同第二和第三捲,組成瞭一個令人難以置信的豐富、全麵、獨立的對於高等的分析基礎的處理。從集閤論和實數的構建,作者繼續引理、定理,定理證明的聲明和斯托剋的定理在最後一章的流形體積三世。

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人都是有局限性的，「提升自我」這件事不隻是技能上的提升，更核心的是視野、理念、思維方式這些意識世界裏的東西。「讀史使人明智，讀詩使人靈秀，數學使人周密，科學使人深刻，倫理學使人莊重，邏輯修辭之學使人善辯：凡有所學，皆成性格。」第

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二、書有很多分類，不要局限於某一類，尤其是不要耽溺於通俗小說

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這本書覆蓋瞭從入門機械製圖工程師/技師所必需知道的關於産業的知識。書中還覆蓋瞭所必需的進階知識。 《實分析教程(第2版)(英文影印版)》是一部備受專傢好評的教科書，書中用現代的方式清晰論述瞭實分析的概念與理論，定理證明簡明易懂，可讀性強。在第一版的基礎上做瞭全麵修訂，有200道例題，練習題由原來的1200道增加到1300習題。本書的寫法像一部文學讀物，這在數學教科書很少見，因此閱讀本書會是一種享受。

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