核物理學 [Nuclear Physics in a Nutshell] 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

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內容簡介

　　The general idea of the book is to present basic information on the atomic nucleus and the simple theories that try to explain it. Although there is reference to experiments or measurements when I find it necessary， there is no attempt to describe the equipment and methods of experimental nuclear physics in a systematic and consistent way. In the same way， practical applications of nuclear physics are mentioned sporadically， but there is no commitment to giving a general panorama of what exists in this area.
　　In the ordering of the subjects， I chose to begin with a study of the basic components of the nuclei， the protons and neutrons， and of other particles that compose the scenario of nuclear processes. Pions and quarks play an essential role here， and a summary of their properties is presented.
　　In chapter 1 the properties of hadrons are summarized. Chapters 2 and 3 treat the system of two nucleons， the deuteron and the nucleon-nucleon interaction， while in the next chapter the properties of nuclei with any number of nucleons is introduced. The nuclear models that have been developed in an effort to explain these properties are described in chapter 5.
　　Chapters 6 to 9 work with nuclear transformations， starting with a general study of radioactive properties followed by the description of alpha， beta， and gamma decay.
　　Chapters 10 and 11 embrace the second great block of study in nuclear physics， nuclear collisions， and chapter 12 treats the role of nuclear physics for stellar evolution in several contexts of astrophysics.
　　Chapter 13 discusses the rapidly growing field of rare nuclear isotopes， short-lived nuclei far from the valley of stability.
　　An adequate level for a complete understanding of this book corresponds to a student studying at the end oaf first degree in physics， including， besides basic physics， a course in modern physics and a first course in quantum mechanics. Students of other exact sciences and of technology in general， can profit in good part from the subjects presented in this book.

內頁插圖

目錄

Introduction
0.1 What is Nuclear Physics？
0.2 This Book

1 Hadrons
1.1 Nucleons
1.2 Nuclear Forces
1.3 Pions
1.4 Antiparticles
1.5 Inversion and Parity
1.6 Isospin and Baryonic Number
1.7 Isospin Invariance
1.8 Magnetic Moment of the Nucleons
1.9 Strangeness and Hypercharge
1.10 Quantum Chromo dynamics
1.11 Exercises

2 The Two-Nucleon System
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrostatic Multipoles
2.3 Magnetic Moment with Spin-orbit Coupling
2.4 Experimental Data for the Deuteron
2.5 A Square-well Model for the Deuteron
2.6 The Deuteron Wave function
2.6.1 Angular momentum coupling
2.6.2 Two particles of spin 1/2
2.6.3 Total wave function
2.7 Particles in the Continuum： Scattering
2.8 Partial Wave Expansion
2.9 Low Energy Scattering
2.10 Effective Range Theory
2.11 Proton-Proton Scattering
2.12 Neutron-Neutron Scattering
2.13 High Energy Scattering
2.14 Laboratory and Center of Mass Systems
2.15 Exercises

3 The Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Phenomenological Potentials
3.3 Local Potentials
3.3.1 Nonlocal potential
3.4 Meson Exchange Potentials
3.4.1 Yukawa and Vander Waals potentials
3.4.2 Field theory picture
3.4.3 Short range part of the NN interaction
3.4.4 Chiral symmetry
3.4.5 Generalized boson exchange
3.4.6 Beyond boson exchange
3.5 Effective Field Theories
3.6 Exercises

4 General Properties of Nuclei
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Nuclear Radii
4.3 Binding Energies
4.4 Total Angular Momentum of the Nucleus
4.5 Multipole Moments
4.6 Magnetic Dipole Moment
4.7 Electric Quadrupole Moment
4.8 Excited States of Nuclei
4.9 Nuclear Stability
4.10 Exercises

5 Nuclear Models
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Liquid Drop Model
5.3 The Fermi Gas Model
5.4 The Shell Model
5.5 Residual Interaction
……

6 Radioactivity
7 Alpha-Decay
8 Beta-Decay
9 Gamma-Decay
10 Nuclear Reactions-I
11 Nuclear Reactions-II
12 Nuclear Astrophysics
13 Rare Nuclear Isotopes

Appendix A Angular Momentum
Appendix B Angular Momentum Coupling
Appendix C Symmetries
Appendix D Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Appendix E Useful Constants and Conversion Factors
References
Index

前言/序言

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