Hard Times 艱難時世 [平裝] 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2024

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《艱難時世》是狄更斯直接描寫勞資矛盾的重要作品。

內容簡介

Reason, Facts, and statistics...

Dickens’ scathing portrait of Victorian industrial society and its misapplied utilitarian philosophy, Hard Times features schoolmaster Thomas Gradgrind, one of his most richly dimensional, memorable characters. Filled with the details and wonders of small-town life, it is also a daring novel of ideas—and ultimately, a celebration of love, hope, and limitless possibilities of the imagination.

　　《艱難時世》（1854 ）是狄更斯直接描寫勞資矛盾的重要作品。從30 年代到40 年代末，英國的勞資矛盾上升為社會主要矛盾。遍及英國的“憲章運動”，人民的苦難和要求觸動瞭富有正義感的狄更斯。他在小說裏，對資産階級的剝削行為和為之辯護的理論進行抨擊。黑煙彌漫，機器轟響的焦煤鎮是工業中心城市的一個化身。國會議員葛擂梗和紡織廠廠主寵得貝是鎮上的兩個巨頭。他們控製著鎮上居民的命運。葛擂梗是資産階級功利主義哲學的信奉者，是“專講實際的人”。他隨身攜帶尺子、天平和乘法錶，把萬事萬物，甚至人性、情感都歸為“一個數字問題，簡單的算術問題”。如同董貝先生一樣，他把自己的人生原則貫徹到傢庭生活中去，用純實際利益的“事實”哲學來教育他的一雙兒女露易莎和湯姆。他們沒有童年的歡樂，被關在牢房似的教室裏接受無數的數字和概念，想象、情感，一切高尚的精神活動被摧毀。露易莎在青春妙齡也沒有多少生命的熱情，服從父意嫁給瞭比她大30 歲的龐得貝，對弟弟的友愛因為弟弟的墮落而失望，避開瞭花花公子的誘騙卻也陪葬瞭她唯一的一次愛情。湯姆則以“事實”哲學為自己的自私和墮落行為辯護，偷盜後又嫁禍給無辜的工人斯梯芬。小說通過葛擂梗教育的失敗，諷刺瞭功利主義哲學。龐得貝則是更加冷酷無情的資本傢的代錶。他把資本主義“自由競爭”的口號作為剝削工人的口實。他宣揚自己卑賤的齣身，把工人看作“沒有愛情和喜悅，沒有記憶和偏好，沒有靈魂”的勞動力，把工人起碼的生活要求斥為奢望，是“ 希望坐6 匹馬的車子，用金湯匙喝甲魚湯，吃鹿肉”。資本傢對工人的不人道待遇必然引起工人的反抗。狄更斯為工人的遭遇而憤慨，描寫瞭工人勤勞、正直、富有同情心等美德。但作為改良主義者，他同情、贊美吃苦耐勞、具有寬容諒解精神的工人斯梯芬，以漫畫式筆法描寫工運領袖，對憲章運動“暴力派”持否定態度。對狄更斯來說，負債人監獄始終是個縈繞不去的夢魔。

作者簡介

Charles Dickens was born in 1812 near Portsmouth where his father was a clerk in the navy pay office. The family moved to London in 1823, but their fortunes were severely impaired. Dickens was sent to work in a blacking-warehouse when his father was imprisoned for debt. Both experiences deeply affected the future novelist. In 1833 he began contributing stories to newspapers and magazines, and in 1836 started the serial publication of Pickwick Papers. Thereafter, Dickens published his major novels over the course of the next twenty years, from Nicholas Nickleby to Little Dorrit. He also edited the journals Household Words and All the Year Round. Dickens died in June 1870.

　　查爾斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens，1812～1870），1812年生於英國的樸次茅斯。父親過著沒有節製的生活，負債纍纍。年幼的狄更斯被迫被送進一傢皮鞋油店當學徒，飽嘗瞭艱辛。狄更斯16歲時，父親因債務被關進監獄。從此，他們的生活更為悲慘。工業革命一方麵帶來瞭19世紀前期英國大都市的繁榮，另一方麵又帶來瞭庶民社會的極端貧睏和對童工的殘酷剝削。尖銳的社會矛盾和不公正的社會製度使狄更斯決心改變自己的生活。15歲時，狄更斯在一傢律師事務所當抄寫員並學習速記，此後，又在報社任新聞記者。在《記事晨報》任記者時，狄更斯開始發錶一些具有諷刺和幽默內容的短劇，主要反映倫敦的生活，逐漸有瞭名氣。他瞭解城市底層人民的生活和風土人情，這些都體現在他熱情洋溢的筆端。此後，他在不同的雜誌社任編輯、主編和發行人，其間發錶瞭幾十部長篇和短篇小說，主要作品有《霧都孤兒》、《聖誕頌歌》、《大衛·科波菲爾》和《遠大前程》等。
　　狄更斯的作品大多取材於與自己的親身經曆或所見所聞相關聯的事件。他在書中揭露瞭濟貧院駭人聽聞的生活製度，揭開瞭英國社會底層的可怕秘密，淋灕盡緻地描寫瞭社會的黑暗和罪惡。本書起筆便描寫瞭主人公奧利弗生下來便成為孤兒，以及在濟貧院度過的悲慘生活。後來，他被迫到殯儀館做學徒，又因不堪忍受虐待而離傢齣走。孤身一人來到倫敦後，又落入瞭竊賊的手中。狄更斯在其作品中大量描寫瞭黑暗的社會現實，對平民階層寄予瞭深切的嚮情，並無情地批判瞭當時的社會製度。他在小說描寫的現實性和人物的個性化方麵成績是突齣的。他成為繼莎士比亞之後，塑造作品人物數量最多的一個作傢。

內頁插圖

精彩書評

"A scathing portrait of Victorian industrial society and its misapplied utilitarian philosophy, "Hard Times" is a daring novel of ideas--and ultimately a celebration of love, hope, and limitless possibilities of the imagination."
-- Revised reissue.

目錄

INTRODUCTION
HARD TIMES
LIsx OF CHARACTERS
BOOK THE FIRST: SOWING
The One Thing Needful
Murdering the Innocents
A Loophole
Mr. Bounderby
The Keynote
Sleary's Horsemanship
Mrs, Sparsit
Never Wonder
Sissy's Progress
Stephen Blackpool
No Way Out

精彩書摘

“Now, what I want is, Facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are wanted in life. Plant nothing else, and root out everything else. You can only form the minds of reasoning animals upon Facts: nothing else will ever be of any service to them. This is the principle on which I bring up my own children, and this is the principle on which I bring up these children. Stick to Facts, Sir!”

The scene was a plain, bare, monotonous vault of a schoolroom, and the speaker’s square forefinger emphasized his observations by underscoring every sentence with a line on the schoolmaster’s sleeve. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s square wall of a forehead, which had his eyebrows for its base, while his eyes found commodious cellerage in two dark caves, overshadowed by the wall. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s mouth, which was wide, thin, and hard set. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s voice, which was inflexible, dry, and dictatorial. The emphasis was helped by the speaker’s hair, which bristled on the skirts of his bald head, a plantation of firs to keep the wind from its shining surface, all covered with knobs, like the crust of a plum pie, as if the head had scarcely warehouse-room for the hard facts stored inside. The speaker’s obstinate carriage, square coat, square legs, square shoulders,—nay, his very neckcloth, trained to take him by the throat with an unaccommodating grasp, like a stubborn fact, as it was,—all helped the emphasis.

“In this life, we want nothing but Facts, Sir; nothing but Facts!”

Thespeaker, and the schoolmaster, and the third grown person present, all backed a little, and swept with their eyes the inclined plane of little vessels then and there arranged in order, ready to have imperial gallons of facts poured into them until they were full to the brim.

...

前言/序言

Hard Times 艱難時世 [平裝] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書 格式

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　　Graham Law’s edition of Hard Times is the most useful edition for teaching Dickens that I have seen... --This text refers to the Paperback edition.

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不錯，有時間看

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　　Copyright 1999 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

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　　Barry V. Qualls, Rutgers University

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不錯，有時間看

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環保紙印刷的，紙張顔色有點黑像盜版。但是書確實是好書。

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