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《基督山伯爵》以引人入勝的故事情節和精湛完善的藝術技巧,博得瞭無數讀者的青睞。小說齣版後,在社會上引起瞭空前的轟動,被翻譯成幾十種文字齣版,在法國和美國等西方國傢多次被拍成電影。盡管這部小說問世已有一個半世紀之久,但它至今仍在世界各國流傳不衰,被公認為世界通俗小說中的扛鼎之作。
大仲馬的長篇故事始終受到喜歡曆史的神奇性的讀者所贊賞。——布呂奈爾(法)
大仲馬之於小說,猶如莫紮特之於音樂,已達藝術的頂峰。過去、現在和將來,都無人能超越大仲馬的小說和劇本。——蕭伯納(英)
內容簡介
Set against the turbulent years of the Napoleonic era, Alexandre Dumas's thrilling adventure story is one of the most widely read romantic novels of all time. In it the dashing young hero, Edmond Dante s, is betrayed by his enemies and thrown into a secret dungeon in the Chateau d'If -- doomed to spend his life in a dank prison cell. The story of his long, intolerable years in captivity, his miraculous escape, and his carefully wrought revenge creates a dramatic tale of mystery and intrigue and paints a vision of France -- a dazzling, dueling, exuberant France -- that has become immortal.
《基督山伯爵》(又稱《基督山復仇記》),是法國作傢大仲馬的傑齣作品。主要講述的十九世紀一位名叫愛德濛.堂泰斯的大副受到陷害後的悲慘遭遇以及日後以基督山伯爵身份成功復仇的故事。法老號大副堂泰斯船長委托,為拿破侖黨人送瞭一封信,遭到兩個卑鄙小人和法官的陷害,被打死牢。獄友法裏亞神甫嚮他傳授各種知識,並在臨終前把埋於基督山島上的一批寶藏秘密告訴瞭他。堂泰斯越獄後找到瞭寶藏,成為巨富。從此更名基督山伯爵,經過精心策劃,報答瞭恩人,懲罰瞭仇人。本充滿浪漫的傳奇色彩,章章奇特新穎,引人入勝。 作者簡介
Lorenzo Carcaterra is the author of five books, A Safe Place, Sleepers, Apaches, Gangster, and the forthcoming Street Boys. He has also written scripts for movies and television. He lives in New York.
大仲馬(1802-1870),法國十九世紀積極浪漫主義作傢,傑齣的通俗小說傢。其祖父是侯爵德·拉·巴那特裏,與黑奴結閤生下其父,名亞曆山大,受洗時用母姓仲馬。大仲馬三歲時父親病故,二十歲隻身闖蕩巴黎,曾當過公爵的書記員、國民自衛軍指揮官。拿破侖三世發動政變,他因為擁護共和而流亡。大仲馬終生信守共和政見,一貫反對君主專政,憎恨復闢王朝,不滿七月王朝,反對第二帝國。由於他的黑白混血身份,其一生都受種族主義的睏擾,心中受到創傷。傢庭齣身和經曆使大仲馬形成瞭反對不平、追求正義的叛逆性格。大仲馬自學成纔.一生創作的各類作品達三百捲之多,主要以小說和劇作著稱於世。大仲馬的劇本《亨利第三及其宮廷》(一八二九年)比雨果的《歐那尼》還早問世一年。這齣浪漫主義戲劇,完全破除瞭古典主義“三一律”。他的通俗小說情節迂迴麯摺,結構完整巧妙,人物形象鮮明,對話精彩生動,在藝術上得到瞭極高的成就,是世界通俗小說中獨一無二的作品,大仲馬因此享有“通俗小說之王”的稱號。其代錶作有《三個火槍手》、《基督山伯爵》、《二十年後》、《布拉熱洛納子爵》等。他所創作的最完整的三部麯即為 達達尼昂三部麯(《三個火槍手》《二十年後》《布拉熱洛納子爵》)此外,大仲馬的迴憶錄也具有一定的文學價值。比如《基督山伯爵》第75章中那份神秘的記錄裏關於將軍和主任決鬥的描寫,就是作者迴憶錄中在土耳其的一次經曆的翻版。大仲馬被彆林斯基稱為“一名天纔的小說傢”,他也是馬剋思 “最喜歡”的作傢之一。有趣的是,他的兒子小仲馬被他戲稱為他“最好的作品”,小仲馬也是著名作傢。代錶作《茶花女》。 精彩書評
"Dumas was... a summit of art. Nobody ever could, or did, or will improve upon Dumas's romances and plays."
——George Bernard Shaw 精彩書摘
Chapter 1
On February 24, 1815, the watchtower at Marseilles signaled the arrival of the three-master Pharaon, coming from Smyrna, Trieste and Naples.
The quay was soon covered with the usual crowd of curious onlookers, for the arrival of a ship is always a great event in Marseilles, especially when, like the Pharaon, it has been built, rigged and laden in the city and belongs to a local shipowner.
Meanwhile the vessel was approaching the harbor under topsails, jib and foresail, but so slowly and with such an air of melancholy that the onlookers, instinctively sensing misfortune, began to wonder what accident could have happened on board. However, the experienced seamen among them saw that if there had been an accident, it could not have happened to the ship herself, for she had every appearance of being under perfect control. Standing beside the pilot, who was preparing to steer the Pharaon through the narrow entrance of the harbor, was a young man who, with vigilant eyes and rapid gestures, watched every movement of the ship and repeated each of the pilot's orders.
The vague anxiety hovering over the crowd affected one man so much that he could not wait until the ship entered the harbor: he leaped into a small boat and ordered the boatman to row him out to meet the Pharaon.
When he saw this man coming toward him, the young sailor left his post beside the pilot and walked over to the side of the ship, holding his hat in his hand. He was a tall, slender young man, no more than twenty years old, with dark eyes and hair as black as ebony. His whole manner gave evidence of that calmness and resolution peculiar to those who have been accustomed to facing danger ever since their childhood.
"Ah, it's you, Dantès!" cried the man in the boat. "What's happened? Why does everything look so gloomy on board?"
"A great misfortune, Monsieur Morrel!" replied the young man. "We lost our brave Captain Leclère off Civitavecchia."
"What about the cargo?" asked the shipowner eagerly.
"It arrived safely, Monsieur Morrel, and I think you'll be satisfied on that score, but poor Captain Leclère--"
"What happened to him?" asked the shipowner, visibly relieved.
"He died of brain fever, in horrible agony. He's now at rest off the Isle of II Giglio, sewed up in his hammock with one cannon ball at his head and another at his feet." The young man smiled sadly and added, "How ironic-he waged war against the English for ten long years and then died in his bed like anyone else."
"Well, we're all mortal," said the shipowner, "and the old must make way for the young, otherwise there would be no promotion."
As they were passing the Round Tower, the young sailor called out, "Make ready to lower topsails, foresail and jib!" The order was executed as smartly as on board a man-of-war. "Lower away and brail all!" At this last order all the sails were lowered and the ship's speed became almost imperceptible.
"And now, if you'd like to come aboard, Monsieur Morrel," said Dantès, seeing the shipowner's impatience, "you can talk to your purser, Monsieur Danglars, who's just coming out of his cabin. He can give you all the information you want. As for myself, I must look after the anchoring and dress the ship in mourning."
The shipowner did not wait to be invited twice. He grasped the line which Dantès threw to him and, with an agility that would have done credit to a sailor, climbed up the ladder attached to the ship's side. Dantès returned to his duties, while Danglars came out to meet Monsieur Morrel. The purser was a man of twenty-five or twenty-six with a rather melancholy face, obsequious to his superiors and arrogant to his subordinates. He was as much disliked by the crew as Edmond Dantès was liked by them.
"Well, Monsieur Morrel," said Danglars, "I suppose you've heard about our misfortune."
"Yes, I have. Poor Captain Leclère! He was a brave and honorable man."
"And an excellent seaman, too, grown old between the sky and the water, as a man should be when he's entrusted with the interests of such an important firm as Morrel and Son."
"But," said the shipowner, watching Dantès preparing to drop anchor, "it seems to me a man doesn't have to be old to do his work well, Danglars. Our friend Edmond there doesn't look as though he needs advice from anyone."
"Yes," said Danglars, casting Dantès a glance full of hatred, "he's young and he has no doubts about anything. As soon as the captain was dead he took command without consulting anyone, and he made us lose a day and a half at the Isle of Elba instead of coming straight back to Marseilles."
"As for taking command," said the shipowner, "it was his duty as first mate, but he was wrong to waste a day and a half at the Isle of Elba, unless the ship needed some sort of repairs."
"The ship was as sound as I am and as I hope you are, Monsieur Morrel. Wasting that day and a half was nothing but a whim of his; he just wanted to go ashore for a while, that's all."
"Dantès," said Morrel, turning toward the young man, "come here, please."
"Excuse me, sir, I'll be with you in a moment," said Dantès. Then, turning to the crew, he called out, "Let go!" The anchor dropped immediately and the chain rattled noisily. Dantès walked over to Morrel.
"I wanted to ask you why you stopped at the Isle of Elba."
"It was to carry out an order from Captain Leclère. As he was dying he gave me a package to deliver to Marshal Bertrand there."
"Did you see him, Edmond?"
"Yes."
Morrel looked around and drew Dantès off to one side. "How is the emperor?" he asked eagerly.
"He's well, as far as I could tell. He came into the marshal's room while I was there."
"Did you talk to him?"
"No, he talked to me," said Dantès, smiling.
"What did he say?"
"He asked me about the ship, when it had left for Marseilles, what route it had taken and what cargo it was carrying. I think that if the ship had been empty and I had been its owner he would have tried to buy it from me, but I told him I was only the first mate and that it belonged to the firm of Morrel and Son. 'I know that firm,' he said. 'The Morrels have been shipowners for generations and there was a Morrel in my regiment when I was garrisoned at Valence.' "
"That's true!" exclaimed Morrel, delighted. "It was Policar Morrel, my uncle. He later became a captain." Then, giving Dantès a friendly tap on the shoulder, he said, "You were quite right to follow Captain Leclère's instructions and stop at the Isle of Elba, although you might get into trouble if it became known that you gave the marshal a package and spoke to the emperor."
"How could it get me into trouble?" asked Dantès. "I don't even know what was in the package, and the emperor only asked me the same questions he would have asked any other newcomer. But excuse me for a moment, sir; I see the health and customs officers coming on board."
Danglars stepped up as the young man walked away. "Well," he said, "he seems to have given you some good reasons for his stopover."
"He gave me excellent reasons, Monsieur Danglars."
"That's good; it's always painful to see a friend fail to do his duty."
"Dantès did his duty well," replied the shipowner. "It was Captain Leclère, who ordered the stopover."
"Speaking of Captain Leclère, didn't Dantès give you a letter from him?"
"No. Was there one?"
"I thought Captain Leclère gave him a letter along with the package."
"What package, Danglars?"
"Why, the one Dantès delivered to the Isle of Elba."
"How do you know he delivered a package there?"
Danglars flushed. "The captain's door was ajar when I was passing by," he said, "and I saw him give Dantès a package and a letter."
"He didn't say anything to me about it, but if he has the letter I'm sure he'll give it to me."
Danglars was silent for a moment, then he said, "Monsieur Morrel, please don't mention it to Dantès; I must have been mistaken."
Just then Dantès returned and Danglars walked away.
"Well, Dantès, have you finished now?"
"Yes, sir."
"Then will you come to dinner with us?"
"Please excuse me, Monsieur Morrel, but I think I owe my first visit to my father. Just the same, I'm grateful for the honor of your invitation."
"You're right, Dantès. You're a good son. But we'll be expecting you after you've visited your father."
"Excuse me again, Monsieur Morrel, but after that first visit there's another one that's equally important to me."
"Oh, yes; I was forgetting that there's someone who must be waiting for you as impatiently as your father-the beautiful Mercédès. You're a lucky man, Edmond, and you have a very pretty mistress."
"She's not my mistress, sir," said the young sailor gravely. "She's my fiancée."
"That's sometimes the same thing," said Morrel, laughing.
"Not with us, sir," replied Dantès.
"Well, I won't keep you any longer; you've taken care of my affairs so well that I want to give you as much time as possible to take care of your own. Do you have anything else to tell me?...
《傲慢與偏見》:一部關於階層、婚姻與自我認知的經典之作 簡·奧斯汀的《傲慢與偏見》(Pride and Prejudice)是一部描繪瞭十九世紀初英國鄉紳階層生活圖景的永恒經典。它以其尖銳的社會觀察、機智的對話和對復雜人性細緻入微的刻畫,至今仍被視為文學史上的瑰寶。故事的核心圍繞著貝內特(Bennet)傢的五位女兒展開,尤其是二女兒伊麗莎白(Elizabeth Bennet)與富有的單身貴族達西先生(Mr. Darcy)之間的情感糾葛與成長曆程。 彭伯利莊園的陰影與朗伯恩的日常 故事始於赫特福德郡的朗伯恩莊園(Longbourn),貝內特先生(Mr. Bennet)和貝內特夫人(Mrs. Bennet)的生活重心,如同當時所有中産階級傢庭一樣,是為女兒們謀求一樁體麵、富有的婚姻。貝內特夫人熱衷於社交和婚事,而貝內特先生則以其超然的幽默感和對世俗的鄙夷,沉浸在自己的書房中。 當年輕、英俊且極為富有的查爾斯·賓利先生(Mr. Charles Bingley)租下瞭附近的尼日斐莊園(Netherfield Park)時,貝內特一傢的平靜生活被徹底打破。賓利先生性格開朗,舉止優雅,立刻成為鎮上所有未婚女性的理想對象。 隨同賓利而來的,是他的密友——菲茨威廉·達西先生。達西先生擁有巨額財富,繼承瞭宏偉的彭伯利莊園(Pemberley),但他的高傲、寡言以及在初次見麵時對伊麗莎白的輕衊態度,使他在當地社交圈中迅速樹立瞭令人不快的形象。 偏見的種子與傲慢的碰撞 伊麗莎白·貝內特,以其聰慧、機敏和獨立思考的能力,在五個姐妹中顯得尤為突齣。她對達西先生的傲慢深感不悅,並拒絕瞭他那種居高臨下的關注。這種最初的負麵印象,在達西先生的無意流露中被不斷加深,構成瞭故事中“偏見”的起點。 與此同時,賓利先生對大姐簡(Jane Bennet)——一位美麗、善良且溫柔的女性——錶現齣明顯的愛慕。他們的感情發展似乎順風順水,直到達西先生齣於對簡“不甚外露”的情感的疑慮,以及認為貝內特傢族的社會地位和背景不甚光彩,乾預並成功拆散瞭這對年輕情侶。 威剋漢姆的誘惑與誤解的加深 伊麗莎白的生活中,又齣現瞭另一位極具魅力的軍官——喬治·威剋漢姆(George Wickham)。威剋漢姆嚮伊麗莎白傾訴瞭他與達西先生之間令人發指的過往:達西如何剝奪瞭他應得的遺産和財富。威剋漢姆的“受害者”形象立刻贏得瞭伊麗莎白的同情,她將此視為達西品行低劣的又一鐵證,進一步強化瞭自己對達西的偏見。 伊麗莎白對達西的厭惡,也讓她對後來發生的一係列事件産生瞭錯誤的解讀,例如她拒絕瞭來自嚴肅但古闆的科林斯先生(Mr. Collins)的求婚,科林斯先生是朗伯恩莊園的繼承人,他的存在時刻提醒著貝內特傢未來可能麵臨的經濟睏境。 驚天動地的求婚與坦白 故事的高潮齣現在達西先生對伊麗莎白的突然求婚。這次求婚充滿瞭矛盾和自我意識:達西承認瞭自己對伊麗莎白的愛,但同時又毫不掩飾地強調瞭貝內特傢族的社會地位低下,以及他對這種聯姻的“抗拒”。 伊麗莎白勃然大怒,嚴厲地拒絕瞭他,並指控瞭他兩項重罪:一是拆散瞭簡和賓利;二是對待威剋漢姆的卑劣行徑。 達西先生在被拒絕後,並沒有選擇退縮,而是寫瞭一封長信給伊麗莎白。這封信是全書的轉摺點。信中,達西詳細解釋瞭他乾預簡與賓利戀情的動機——他誠實地認為簡對賓利的感情並不深厚,是為瞭保護朋友。更重要的是,達西揭露瞭威剋漢姆的真實麵目:威剋漢姆不僅揮霍殆盡瞭達西父親留給他的遺産,還試圖誘拐達西年僅十五歲的妹妹喬治亞娜·達西(Georgiana Darcy),以騙取她的財産。 這封信迫使伊麗莎白開始深刻地反思自己的判斷力。她意識到自己被錶象迷惑,被自身的驕傲和對他人的偏見所驅使,做齣瞭不公正的審判。 彭伯利的震撼與態度的轉變 伊麗莎白的態度開始軟化。不久之後,在萊迪·凱瑟琳·德·包爾(Lady Catherine de Bourgh,達西的姑媽,一個傲慢的貴族典範)的莊園旅行中,伊麗莎白意外地參觀瞭達西的宏偉莊園——彭伯利。 彭伯利的管傢對達西先生贊不絕口,描述瞭他如何成為一個仁慈、公正的領主。隨後,伊麗莎白與達西意外重逢。此時的達西錶現得更為謙遜和友善,他嚮伊麗莎白引薦瞭自己的妹妹喬治亞娜,展現瞭兄弟情誼和傢庭的溫暖。伊麗莎白對達西的看法徹底改變,她開始意識到自己愛上瞭這個曾經被她視為最令人討厭的人。 莉迪亞的醜聞與達西的拯救 然而,新的危機降臨瞭。伊麗莎白最小的妹妹莉迪亞(Lydia Bennet)與威剋漢姆私奔,這在當時無異於徹底的社會毀滅,不僅毀瞭莉迪亞的名聲,也讓整個貝內特傢族濛羞,徹底斷絕瞭其他姐妹嫁入上流社會的可能。 正當貝內特一傢陷入絕望時,一個神秘的恩人齣麵解決瞭問題:他支付瞭威剋漢姆的債務,並強迫他與莉迪亞結婚。伊麗莎白通過舅舅的側麵瞭解,最終得知這位恩人正是達西先生。達西不求迴報地介入,冒著極大的社會風險來挽救他所愛之人的傢庭聲譽。 傲慢的消解與偏見的剋服 當伊麗莎白得知真相後,她徹底明白瞭達西的改變並非空穴來風,而是源自對她的真誠之愛和內在的自我修正。而達西,也因為伊麗莎白的拒絕而學會瞭放下傢族的驕傲,學會瞭尊重他人的個性和價值。 故事的結尾,達西再次嚮伊麗莎白求婚,這次是真誠、謙卑且充滿愛意的。伊麗莎白欣然接受。同樣,賓利先生也正式嚮簡求婚,有情人終成眷屬。 《傲慢與偏見》不僅僅是一個浪漫故事,它深刻探討瞭社會階層間的壁壘、女性在婚姻市場中的睏境,以及個人如何通過誠實的自我反省,剋服根深蒂固的“傲慢”與“偏見”,最終實現精神上的和諧與幸福。這部作品以其機智的諷刺和對人類情感的洞察力,展現瞭奧斯汀對人性的永恒理解。