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While Mandelbaum and the University of California Press are to be commended for attempting this new translation of The Odyssey , those of Robert Fitzgerald (Doubleday, 1963) and Richard Lattimore (Harper & Row, 1968) still remain the versions of choice for serious students who don't know Greek. Mandelbaum's poetry is fluent but lacks the feeling for the original that he brought to his fine translations of Virgil ( The Aeneid of Virgil , Bantam, 1976) and Dante ( The Divine Comedy: The Inferno , Bantam, 1982). There is a looseness in the translation that often misses the intricacy and interconnection of The Odyssey as a whole. Illustrated with engravings, this is essentially a coffee-table book. 內容簡介
Homer's epic chronicle of the Greek hero Odysseus' journey home from the Trojan War has inspired writers from Virgil to James Joyce. Odysseus survives storm and shipwreck, the cave of the Cyclops and the isle of Circe, the lure of the Sirens' song and a trip to the Underworld, only to find his most difficult challenge at home, where treacherous suitors seek to steal his kingdom and his loyal wife, Penelope. Favorite of the gods, Odysseus embodies the energy, intellect, and resourcefulness that were of highest value to the ancients and that remain ideals in out time.
In this new verse translation, Allen Mandelbaum--celebrated poet and translator of Virgil's Aeneid and Dante's Divine Comedy--realizes the power and beauty of the original Greek verse and demonstrates why the epic tale of The Odyssey has captured the human imagination for nearly three thousand years. 作者簡介
Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns.
Allen Mandelbaum (born 1926 in Albany, New York) is an American professor of Italian literature, poet, and translator. He is currently W. R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of Humanities at Wake Forest University. 精彩書評
"A splendid achievement outstripping all competitors."
--Anthony A. Long, author of Hellenistic Philosophy
"With real poetic power...his book is one no lover of living poetry should miss."
--The New York Times Book Review 精彩書摘
Book I
To the Muse.
*
The anger of Poseidon.
*
In Poseidon's absence,
a gathering of the gods in Zeus' halls on Olympus.
Athena's plea for help for the stranded Odysseus;
Zeus' consent.
*
Athena in the guise of Mént?s visits Ithaca.
Her advice to Telémachus:
he is to confront the Ithacan elders
with the problem of the suitors
and to leave Ithaca to search
for news of his father.
*
Penelope's appearance among the suitors.
Her silencing of Phémius the singer.
Telémachus and the suitors:
their sharp exchange.
*
Nightfall:
Telémachus and his old nurse, Eurycle*ˉˉa.
Muse, tell me of the man of many wiles,*
the man who wandered many paths of exile*
after he sacked Troy's sacred citadel.*
He saw the cities-mapped the minds-of many;*
and on the sea, his spirit suffered every*
adversity-to keep his life intact;*
to bring his comrades back. In that last task,*
his will was firm and fast, and yet he failed:*
he could not save his comrades. Fools, they foiled*
themselves: they ate the oxen of the Sun,*
the herd of Hélios Hypérion;*
the lord of light requited their transgression-*
he took away the day of their return.*
Muse, tell us of these matters. Daughter of Zeus,*
my starting point is any point you choose.*
All other Greeks who had been spared the steep*
descent to death had reached their homes-released*
from war and waves. One man alone was left,*
still longing for his home, his wife, his rest.*
For the commanding nymph, the brightest goddess,*
Calypso, held him in her hollow grottoes:*
she wanted him as husband. Even when*
the wheel of years drew near his destined time-*
the time the gods designed for his return*
to Ithaca-he still could not depend*
upon fair fortune or unfailing friends.*
While other gods took pity on him, one-*
Poseidon-still pursued: he preyed upon*
divine Odysseus until the end,*
until the exile found his own dear land.*
But now Poseidon was away-his hosts,*
the Ethiopians, the most remote*
of men (they live in two divided parts-*
half, where the sun-god sets; half, where he starts).*
Poseidon, visiting the east, received*
the roasted thighs of bulls and sheep. The feast*
delighted him. And there he sat. But all*
his fellow gods were gathered in the halls*
of Zeus upon Olympus; there the father*
of men and gods spoke first. His mind upon*
the versatile Aegísthus-whom the son*
of Agamemnon, famed Oréstes, killed-*
he shared this musing with the deathless ones:*
"Men are so quick to blame the gods: they say*
that we devise their misery. But they*
themselves-in their depravity-design*
grief greater than the griefs that fate assigns.*
So did Aegísthus act when he transgressed*
the boundaries that fate and reason set.*
He took the lawful wife of Agamemnon;*
and when the son of átreus had come back,*
Aegísthus murdered him-although he knew*
how steep was that descent. For we'd sent Hermes,*
our swiftest, our most keen-eyed emissary,*
to warn against that murder and adultery:*
'Oréstes will avenge his father when,*
his manhood come, he claims his rightful land.'*
Hermes had warned him as one warns a friend.*
And yet Aegísthus' will could not be swayed.*
Now, in one stroke, all that he owes is paid."*
Athena, gray-eyed goddess, answered Zeus:*
"Our father, Cronos' son, you, lord of lords,*
Aegísthus died the death that he deserved.*
May death like his strike all who ape his sins.*
But brave Odysseus' fate does break my heart:*
long since, in misery he suffers, far*
from friends, upon an island in the deep-*
a site just at the navel of the sea.*
And there, upon that island rich in trees,*
a goddess has her home: the fair-haired daughter*
of Atlas the malevolent (who knows*
the depths of every sea, for he controls*
the giant column holding earth and sky*
apart). Calypso, Atlas' daughter, keeps*
the sad Odysseus there-although he weeps.*
Her words are fond and fragrant, sweet and soft-*
so she would honey him to cast far off*
his Ithaca; but he would rather die*
than live the life of one denied the sight*
of smoke that rises from his homeland's hearths.*
Are you, Olympus' lord, not moved by this?*
Was not Odysseus your favorite*
when, on the spacious plain of Troy, beside*
the Argive ships, he sacrificed to you?*
What turned your fondness into malice, Zeus?"*
Zeus, shepherd of the clouds, replied: "My daughter,*
how can the barrier of your teeth permit*
such speech to cross your lips? Can I forget*
godlike Odysseus, most astute of men,*
whose offerings were so unstinting when*
he sacrificed to the undying gods,*
the masters of vast heaven? Rest assured.*
Only Poseidon, lord whose chariot runs*
beneath the earth, is furious-it was*
Odysseus who deprived the grandest Cyclops,*
the godlike Polyphémus, of his eye.*
(Th?ósa-nymph whose father, Phórcys, keeps*
a close watch on the never-resting deep-*
gave birth to that huge Cyclops after she*
had lain in her deep sea-cave with Poseidon.)*
And ever since his son was gouged, the god*
who makes earth tremble, though he does not kill*
Odysseus, will not let him end his exile.*
But now we all must think of his return-*
of how to bring him home again. Poseidon*
will set aside his anger; certainly*
he cannot have his way, for he is only*
one god against us all, and we are many." NNN*
Athena, gray-eyed goddess, answered him:*
"Our father, Cronos' son, you, lord of lords,*
if now the blessed gods indeed would end*
the wanderings of Odysseus, let us send*
the keen-eyed Hermes to Calypso's isle,*
Ogy′gia. Let him there at once declare*
to her, the goddess with the lovely hair,*
our undeniable decree: Steadfast*
Odysseus is to find his homeward path.*
But I shall make my way to Ithaca*
at once, to give his son the strength to summon*
the long-haired Ithacans; when they assemble*
he can denounce-and scatter-all the suitors:*
they are forever slaughtering his sheep,*
his shambling oxen with their curving horns.*
Then off to sandy Pylos and to Sparta*
I'll send him to seek tidings of his father's*
return; he may yet hear some hopeful word-*
and men will then commend him for his search."*
That said, Athena fastened on fine sandals:*
these-golden, everlasting-carried her*
with swift winds over seas and endless lands.*
The goddess took her bronze-tipped battle lance,*
heavy and huge and solid; with this shaft,*
she-daughter of so great a force-can smash*
the ranks of warriors who've earned her wrath.*
One leap-and from Olympus' peaks she reached*
the land of Ithaca. She stood before*
Odysseus' door, the threshold of his court.*
She gripped the bronze-tipped shaft, and taking on*
the likeness of a stranger, she became*
lord Mént?s, chieftain of the Táphians.*
She found the braggart suitors at the gate.*
Delighting in their dicing, they reclined*
on hides of oxen they themselves had skinned-*
with pages and attendants serving them,*
some mixing wine and water in wide bowls,*
while others washed the tables down with sponges*
and readied them for food, and others still*
stacked meat in heaps on platters-high and full.*
The very first to notice Mént?s' presence*
was young Telémachus. He-sad, morose-*
sat with the suitors. In his reverie,*
he saw his sturdy father-would that he,*
returning suddenly, might banish these*
intruders from his palace and restore*
the rights and rule that had been his before.*
Such was the sadness of Telémachus,*
alone among the suitors, till he saw*
Athena; he rushed toward the outer door,*
ashamed that none had gone to greet the stranger.*
He drew near, clasped her right hand, even as*
his left relieved her of the heavy lance.*
And when he spoke, his words were like winged shafts:*
"My greetings, stranger. Welcome to our feast.*
Eat first-and then do tell us what you seek."*
He led the way; Athena followed him.*
Once they were in the high-roofed hall, he placed*
her lance against a column at whose base*
a polished rack, with slots for spears, was set;*
within that rack there stood still other shafts,*
the many spears that brave Odysseus left.*
He led the stranger to a tall chair, wrought*
with care; across its frame he spread rich cloth.*
There he invited her to sit and rest*
her feet upon a stool; and he himself*
sat nearby, on another well-carved chair,*
set far off from the suitors, lest his guest,*
in all that brouhaha, might look askance*
at feasting with such overbearing men-*
and, too, because he wanted so to gather*
what news he could about his distant father.*
That they might wash their hands, a servant poured*
fresh water from a lovely golden jug*
into a silver basin; at their side*
she placed a polished table. The old housewife*
was generous: she drew on ...
好的,這裏為您呈現一本與《荷馬史詩:奧德賽》內容完全無關的圖書簡介。 --- 《星塵的迴響:失落文明的密碼》 作者:艾莉森·雷諾茲 (Alison Reynolds) 齣版社:晨曦之光齣版社 (Dawnlight Press) 裝幀:精裝 頁數:680頁 ISBN:978-1-23456-789-0 內容簡介: 在人類曆史的長河中,總有一些文明如同流星般劃過天際,留下短暫而耀眼的光芒,隨後便遁入永恒的寂靜。本書正是對其中一個最為神秘、最具爭議的文明——“阿特拉斯文明”(The Atlas Civilization)——的深入探尋與解讀。 艾莉森·雷諾茲,一位以其嚴謹的考古學方法和大膽的理論構建而聞名的學者,耗費瞭二十年光陰,行走於地球上最偏遠、最鮮為人知的角落。她追溯的不僅僅是殘破的遺跡和模糊的傳說,更是試圖破譯那個失落文明留下的,關於宇宙、時間與存在的終極信息。 阿特拉斯文明,據稱在大約一萬兩韆年前的地質變遷中徹底消失,他們的技術水平,根據少數留存的“共振石”碎片分析,似乎遠超我們現代的理解。他們如何掌握瞭控製引力波的方法?他們眼中,時間究竟是綫性的河流,還是一張可以摺疊的畫布?這些宏大的疑問,構成瞭本書的核心驅動力。 第一部分:迴聲的召喚——密碼的碎片 本書伊始,雷諾茲帶領讀者深入南美洲的安第斯山脈深處。她不是在尋找黃金或權力象徵,而是在追蹤一種微弱的、周期性的地磁異常信號。這些異常信號,被當地的土著部落稱為“群星的低語”,最終引導她發現瞭一個被冰川覆蓋瞭數韆年的地下結構——“觀測站阿爾法”。 在“觀測站阿爾法”中,雷諾茲及其團隊發現瞭被設計用來抵禦極端環境的復雜機械裝置。這些裝置並非用於戰爭或日常勞作,而更像是一個巨大的、跨越數個世紀的信息記錄器。通過對這些設備上蝕刻的幾何圖形和符號進行比對分析,雷諾茲初步構建瞭阿特拉斯文明的“基元語言”——一種基於數學常數而非語音的交流係統。 她詳細描述瞭破譯過程中遭遇的瓶頸,包括如何利用量子計算模擬來重構那些因能量衰減而變得模糊的“記憶晶體”。這些晶體中記錄的片段,揭示瞭阿特拉斯人對“大過濾器”(The Great Filter)理論的早期認知,以及他們試圖尋找的,超越太陽係界限的生存之道。 第二部分:時間之軸與維度之謎 隨著研究的深入,雷諾茲的焦點轉嚮瞭阿特拉斯人對時間流逝的獨特理解。書中著重分析瞭一係列被稱為“編年石闆”的文物。這些石闆並非按照傳統的綫性曆史敘事排列,而是以一種多維度的結構呈現。 雷諾茲大膽地提齣瞭“同步存在論”:阿特拉斯人可能已經找到瞭在不同時間節點間建立穩定連接的方法,從而使得他們的“曆史”更像是一個同時發生的巨大網絡,而非一條單嚮的路徑。書中引用瞭大量的數學推演,試圖解釋阿特拉斯人如何利用他們獨有的“零點能量汲取器”來維持這種跨越時空的“錨點”。 這一部分是對現有物理學框架的巨大挑戰。雷諾茲並非空泛地談論超自然現象,而是基於對齣土設備的精密光譜分析,論證瞭阿特拉斯文明是如何在操作層麵實現瞭對時空連續體的局部扭麯。例如,她對一塊被稱為“引力之錨”的裝置的詳細描述,揭示瞭一種能夠使物體在特定頻率下暫時脫離地球引力場的機製。 第三部分:最終的遷徙——文明的遠航 全書的高潮部分,聚焦於阿特拉斯文明如何選擇終結他們在地球上的存在。雷諾茲通過對一個位於深海洋底的巨型結構——“方舟基站”——的勘探記錄,拼湊齣瞭他們最後的決定。 這不是一次災難性的毀滅,而是一次有計劃的、集體性的“升級”或“遷移”。阿特拉斯人似乎預見到瞭一場周期性的宇宙事件將威脅到生命在行星上的存續,因此他們選擇瞭將文明的核心信息和部分個體意識,上傳到一個由純粹能量構成的載體中,並將其發射嚮銀河係深處一個被他們標記為“伊甸園之光”的星團。 雷諾茲在書中展示瞭“方舟基站”上殘留的最後一條信息:一個復雜的數學序列,被她解讀為一組坐標和一句告誡:“當星辰再次排列,舊的循環即將結束,新的序列將從沉寂中醒來。” 結語:未完成的對話 《星塵的迴響》不僅是一本考古學的記錄,更是一場關於人類自身潛能的哲學思辨。雷諾茲的結論是審慎而充滿希望的:阿特拉斯文明的消失並非終結,而是他們嚮宇宙發齣的一個信號。我們對他們的發現,也許正是對我們自身未來軌跡的一次預演。 本書結構嚴謹,配有數百張高清的考古現場照片、文物三維掃描圖以及雷諾茲獨創的符號學圖錶。它挑戰瞭我們對曆史、科學和我們自身在宇宙中地位的既有認知,引導讀者進入一場跨越萬年、直抵宇宙邊緣的知識探險。對於所有對失落文明、前沿物理學和人類起源感興趣的讀者來說,這本書是不可或缺的裏程碑式著作。