A Mind for Numbers How to Excel at Math and Sci 英文原版

A Mind for Numbers How to Excel at Math and Sci 英文原版 下載 mobi epub pdf 電子書 2025

Barbara Oakley 著
圖書標籤:
  • Math
  • Science
  • Learning
  • Study Skills
  • Cognitive Science
  • Memory
  • Education
  • Test-Taking
  • Problem Solving
  • Barbara Oakley
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齣版社: Penguin Publishing Group
ISBN:9780399165245
商品編碼:19616395
頁數:336
正文語種:英文

具體描述

內容簡介

The companion book to COURSERA?'s wildly popular massive open online course "Learning How to Learn"

Whether you are a student struggling to fulfill a math or science requirement, or you are embarking on a career change that requires a new skill set, A Mind for Numbers offers the tools you need to get a better grasp of that intimidating material. Engineering professor Barbara Oakley knows firsthand how it feels to struggle with math. She flunked her way through high school math and science courses, before enlisting in the army immediately after graduation. When she saw how her lack of mathematical and technical savvy severely limited her options—both to rise in the military and to explore other careers—she returned to school with a newfound determination to re-tool her brain to master the very subjects that had given her so much trouble throughout her entire life.
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In A Mind for Numbers, Dr. Oakley lets us in on the secrets to learning effectively—secrets that even dedicated and successful students wish they’d known earlier. Contrary to popular belief, math requires creative, as well as analytical, thinking. Most people think that there’s only one way to do a problem, when in actuality, there are often a number of different solutions—you just need the creativity to see them. For example, there are more than three hundred different known proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem. In short, studying a problem in a laser-focused way until you reach a solution is not an effective way to learn. Rather, it involves taking the time to step away from a problem and allow the more relaxed and creative part of the brain to take over. The learning strategies in this book apply not only to math and science, but to any subject in which we struggle. We all have what it takes to excel in areas that don't seem to come naturally to us at first, and learning them does not have to be as painful as we might think!

作者簡介

Barbara Oakley is a professor of engineering at Oakland University in Rochester, Michigan. She has received many awards for her teaching, including the coveted National Science Foundation New Century Scholar Award.
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精彩書評

“A good teacher will leave you educated. But a great teacher will leave you curious. Well, Barbara Oakley is a great teacher. Not only does she have a mind for numbers, she has a way with words, and she makes every one of them count.”
—Mike Rowe, creator and host of Discovery Channel’s "Dirty Jobs" and CEO of mikeroweWORKS

“If you struggled through math and slept through science, there’s hope. In A Mind for Numbers, polymath Barbara Oakley reveals how to unlock the analytic powers of our brains so we can learn how to learn. This book should be required reading for students—and for my mother.”
—Adam Grant, New York Times-bestselling author of Give and Take

"Superb not only for those who are struggling or who are expert at math, but for readers who wish to think and comprehend more efficiently."
Library Journal

“An ingeniously accessible introduction to the science of human cognition—along with practical advice on how to think better.”
—James Taranto, The Wall Street Journal
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“In my book?The Math Instinct, I described how we have known since the early 1990s that all ordinary people can do mathematics, and in?The Math Gene, I explained why the capacity for mathematical thinking is both a natural consequence of evolution and yet requires effort to unleash it. What I did not do is show how to tap in to that innate ability. Professor Oakley does just that.”
—Keith Devlin, NPR?Weekend Edition’s “Math Guy”

“A wonderful book! How do you come to love math and science, and how do you come to learn math and science? Read A Mind for Numbers. Barbara Oakley is the magician who will help you do both.”
—Francisco J. Ayala, University Professor and Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, and former President and Chairman of the Board, American Association for the Advancement of Science

“Being good at science and mathematics isn’t just something you are; it’s something you become. This users’ guide to the brain unmasks the mystery around achieving success in mathematics and science. I have seen far too many students opt out when they hit a rough patch. But now that learners have a handy guide for ‘knowing better’ they will also be able to ‘do better.’”
—Shirley Malcom, Head of Education and Human Resources Programs, American Association for the Advancement of Science
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A Mind for Numbers?is an excellent book about how to approach mathematics, science, or any realm where problem solving plays a prominent role.”?
—J. Michael Shaughnessy, Past President of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
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“I have not been this excited about a book in a long time. Giving students deep knowledge on how to learn will lead to higher retention and student success in every field. It is a gift that will last them a lifetime.”
—Robert R Gamache, Ph.D., Associate Vice President, Academic Affairs, Student Affairs, and International Relations, University of Massachusetts, Lowell
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A Mind for Numbers helps put students in the driver’s seat—empowering them to learn more deeply and easily. This outstanding book is also a useful resource for instructional leaders. Given the urgent need for America to improve its science and math education so it can stay competitive, A Mind for Numbers is a welcome find.”
—Geoffrey Canada, President, Harlem Children's Zone
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"It's easy to say 'work smarter, not harder,' but Barbara Oakley actually shows you how to do just that, in a fast-paced and accessible book that collects tips based on experience and sound science. ?In fact, I'm going to incorporate some of these tips into my own teaching." ?
—Glenn Harlan Reynolds, Beauchamp Brogan Distinguished Professor of Law, The University of Tennessee
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A Mind for Numbers is a splendid resource for how to approach mathematics learning and in fact learning in any area. Barbara Oakley’s authoritative guide is based on the latest research in the cognitive sciences, and provides a clear, concise, and entertaining roadmap for how to get the most out of learning. This is a must-read for anyone who has struggled with mathematics and anyone interested in enhancing their learning experience.”
—David C. Geary, Curators’ Professor of Psychological Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, University of Missouri
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“For students afraid of math and science and for those who love the subjects, this engaging book provides guidance in establishing study habits that take advantage of how the brain works.”
—Deborah Schifter, Principal Research Scientist, Science and Mathematics Programs, Education Development Center, Inc.

“A Mind for Numbers explains the process of learning in a fascinating and utterly memorable way. This book is a classic, not only for learners of all ages, but for teachers of all kinds.”
—Frances R. Spielhagen, Ph.D., Director, Center for Adolescent Research and Development, Mount Saint Mary College

前言/序言


好的,這是一本關於如何掌握復雜概念和提升學習效率的實用指南。 《精進:深入理解與高效學習的藝術》 圖書簡介 在這個信息爆炸、知識更新速度日益加快的時代,僅僅“知道”信息已不足以應對挑戰,真正的競爭力在於“理解”和“應用”復雜概念的能力。本書《精進:深入理解與高效學習的藝術》並非一本關於特定學科知識的教科書,而是一本全麵革新的學習方法論工具箱。它旨在打破傳統填鴨式、被動接受的學習模式,引導讀者構建一套係統、高效、持久的知識獲取與內化體係。 本書的核心洞察在於:學習的本質並非記憶容量的比拼,而是心智模型的構建與連接能力。我們的大腦更擅長處理圖像、故事和結構化的信息,而不是孤立的、抽象的公式或術語。因此,本書從認知科學、心理學的前沿研究中汲取靈感,提煉齣瞭一套經過實踐檢驗的、適用於任何領域(無論是人文藝術、商業管理,還是復雜的技術學科)的精深學習策略。 第一部分:打破思維的桎梏——重塑你的學習認知 學習的起點,往往是思維定勢的瓦解。很多人在麵對難題時,本能地認為是自己“不夠聰明”或“沒有天賦”。本書首先挑戰瞭這種根深蒂固的“固定型思維”。我們深入探討瞭“成長型思維”的實際操作層麵,闡明瞭“能力是可以被訓練和塑造的”這一核心信念如何驅動學習的動力。 我們將剖析“心智模式”(Mental Models)的構建過程。心智模式是組織我們理解世界的基本框架。本書會詳細介紹如何從海量的輸入中,提煉齣學科的“骨架”和“核心邏輯”。例如,在金融領域,理解復利和機會成本的思維模型,遠比背誦一百個財務術語來得重要。我們提供瞭一套流程,指導讀者識彆學科中的基礎原理,並建立起一個可以承載後續所有知識的穩固結構。 此外,我們還討論瞭“刻意練習”與“舒適區”的微妙關係。真正的進步發生在略微超齣當前能力範圍的區域,但過度挑戰會導緻挫敗感。本書提供量化指標和自我評估工具,幫助讀者精準定位到這個“學習的甜蜜點”(The Learning Sweet Spot),確保每一次努力都指嚮有效增長。 第二部分:深度吸收——從被動輸入到主動構建 傳統的閱讀和聽課常常是低效的,因為它們是單嚮的信息傾瀉。本書強調,深度學習必須是主動的、參與式的過程。 主動迴憶與提取練習(Active Recall and Retrieval Practice): 這是本書最為推崇的關鍵技巧。我們詳細闡述瞭大腦如何通過“提取”而非“重新閱讀”來鞏固記憶。書中提供瞭從卡片係統到思維導圖的多種提取練習方法,教會讀者如何設計有效的“自測”情境,讓大腦在努力迴憶的過程中,加深神經連接。 交錯學習(Interleaving): 為什麼我們不能一次性學完某一主題的所有內容?本書解釋瞭交錯學習的認知優勢——將不同但相關的主題穿插學習,能迫使大腦不斷區分、比較和切換策略,從而形成更靈活、更不易混淆的知識網絡。我們提供瞭在不同學科中應用交錯學習的實際範例。 費曼技巧的實戰應用: 學習的最高境界是能夠嚮一個完全不懂的人清晰解釋復雜概念。本書將費曼技巧分解為可執行的步驟:選擇概念、教授給“五歲小孩”、識彆知識盲區、以及迴顧和簡化。這不僅是檢驗理解程度的試金石,也是強迫自己從“熟悉”走嚮“精通”的必經之路。 第三部分:知識的融閤與創新——構建你的知識“操作係統” 知識孤島是低效學習的標誌。真正的創新和解決問題的能力,來自於跨領域知識的融閤。 類比思維與跨界映射: 本書探討瞭如何利用已掌握領域的原理,去類比和理解全新的領域。例如,利用生物學中的“生態係統”概念來分析商業競爭格局。我們提供瞭識彆有效類比和避免錯誤類比的準則,幫助讀者建立起一張宏大的知識地圖。 構建個人知識庫(Personal Knowledge Management, PKM): 在數字化時代,管理信息比獲取信息更具挑戰性。本書詳細介紹瞭一套係統化的個人知識管理框架,側重於如何將零散的筆記、閱讀摘要、會議記錄轉化為相互關聯、可供檢索和再創造的“資産”。這包括工具的選擇(從傳統筆記本到數字筆記軟件)以及信息的組織哲學,確保知識可以“隨取隨用”。 係統化地應對遺忘麯綫: 遺忘是自然規律,但我們可以科學地管理它。本書結閤間隔重復(Spaced Repetition)原理,指導讀者如何定製個性化的復習計劃,確保關鍵知識點在最可能被遺忘的臨界點得到鞏固,從而將短期記憶高效地轉化為長期、穩固的知識儲備。 總結 《精進:深入理解與高效學習的藝術》是一本關於如何“學習如何學習”的深度指南。它不提供快速通關的秘籍,而是提供一套紮實的、基於科學的工具和哲學,幫助任何渴望精通任何復雜技能的讀者,從根本上提升認知效率,最終實現對知識的深度掌控和創造性運用。翻開本書,你將開啓的,是一場關於心智潛能的探索之旅。

用戶評價

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這本書簡直是為我量身定製的!我一直對數學和科學感到頭疼,感覺自己就是那種怎麼努力也抓不住核心概念的人。這本書的齣現,就像是突然有瞭一個超級耐心的私人教練,手把手地把我從知識的迷宮裏帶齣來。它不像教科書那樣冷冰冰地堆砌公式和理論,而是用一種極其生活化的方式來解釋那些看似高深莫測的原理。我特彆喜歡它強調“理解”而非“死記硬背”的學習哲學。比如,當我第一次嘗試用它推薦的方法來分解一個復雜的微積分問題時,那種茅塞頓開的感覺簡直太棒瞭。它讓我意識到,很多我以前覺得是“天賦”纔能掌握的技能,其實隻是一套行之有效的方法論。現在,我不再是看到公式就本能地想要逃避,而是開始好奇它背後的邏輯是什麼,這完全改變瞭我的學習態度。這本書不僅是關於如何學習,更是關於如何構建一個更強大、更自信的思維模式。我強烈推薦給所有曾經在STEM領域掙紮過的人。

評分

這本書的行文風格非常討喜,它成功地在嚴肅的認知科學探討和輕鬆的個人軼事之間找到瞭一個絕佳的平衡點。作者的敘事節奏把握得非常好,當你感覺某個知識點稍微有點抽象的時候,他總能立刻拋齣一個生動的小故事或者一個有趣的記憶輔助方法來幫你拉迴來。我尤其喜歡書中那些關於大腦工作機製的解釋,它們不是為瞭炫耀知識,而是為瞭讓你更理解自己“為什麼會忘記”以及“如何能更好地記住”。這讓我對自己的學習過程産生瞭前所未有的接納感——原來我的大腦不是“笨”,隻是我沒有用對方法。這種被理解的感覺,極大地緩解瞭我過去那種“我是不是不夠聰明”的焦慮。它像一個睿智的長者,用充滿鼓勵的口吻告訴你:你完全可以掌握這些,隻是需要換一把鑰匙。

評分

我是一名大學低年級的學生,正在努力適應從高中到大學學習強度的巨大跨越。說實話,我原本對能否順利完成高階課程感到非常迷茫。這本書為我建立瞭一套完整的“學習操作係統”。它不是一蹴而就的靈丹妙藥,而是一整套係統的優化方案。我特彆注意到瞭它關於“休息”和“睡眠”在記憶鞏固中的關鍵作用的論述。這讓我開始認真對待我的作息時間,而不是僅僅把它視為與學習無關的瑣事。書中關於解決難題的思維導圖和可視化工具的介紹,也極大地幫助瞭我處理那些需要多步驟推理的工程學問題。我感覺自己不再是被動地接受信息,而是主動地在和知識對話。它讓我清晰地認識到,掌握復雜的知識體係是一個積纍的過程,而不是一次性的爆發,這種心態上的轉變比任何具體技巧都來得更寶貴。

評分

對於我這種已經畢業多年,但需要時不時接觸新技術的職場人士來說,這本書簡直是“知識刷新器”。我們總是在說“終身學習”,但實際操作起來,麵對海量的新信息,如何高效地吸收並轉化成生産力,一直是個難題。這本書提供瞭一個非常結構化的框架來應對這種挑戰。它沒有局限於傳統的學術環境,而是將學習原理應用到瞭任何需要掌握復雜技能的場景中。我最欣賞它對“練習模式”的區分——區分哪些是低效的機械重復,哪些是真正能促進大腦神經連接的有效練習。我以前總覺得隻要花時間夠久,量變自然會引起質變,這本書徹底打破瞭我的迷思。現在,我開始有意識地設計我的學習時間,確保投入的每一分鍾都在做“對大腦有益”的事情。這不僅僅是關於學數學,更是關於如何以一種更聰明的方式處理任何復雜信息。

評分

我不得不說,這本書在學習策略上的深度遠超我的預期。我之前讀過很多“提高效率”的書,但大多都是泛泛而談,真正能落地執行的很少。但這本書的每一個建議,無論是關於如何進行“積極迴憶”(Active Recall)的實踐細節,還是關於“組塊學習”(Chunking)的具體操作步驟,都寫得極其清晰,並且有科學依據支撐。我嘗試著在準備一個比較睏難的物理考試時,嚴格按照書中的“費曼技巧”來復習,效果立竿見影。我不再是那種機械地劃重點,然後自我感覺良好,而是真正把知識內化成瞭自己的東西。更令人驚喜的是,它還探討瞭學習過程中的心理障礙,比如拖延癥和完美主義。作者用幽默而富有洞察力的筆觸,剖析瞭這些心理陷阱是如何阻礙我們進步的,並給齣瞭非常實用的“心理建設”指導。讀完之後,我感覺自己不光是知識儲備增加瞭,連帶著解決問題的耐心和韌性也得到瞭極大的鍛煉。

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