店鋪： 博庫網旗艦店
齣版社： 化學工業
ISBN：9787122255846
商品編碼：10124790113
開本：32
齣版時間：2016-02-01
具體描述
基本信息
書名：基礎教育質量監測的工具研發
：48.00元
作者：邊玉芳 等
齣版社：北京師範大學齣版社
齣版日期：2015-08-01
ISBN：9787303192946
字數：200000
頁碼：198
版次：1
裝幀：平裝
開本：32開
商品重量：0.4kg
編輯推薦
內容提要
基礎教育質量監測對於教育質量的提升具有較強的指導價值。本書作為世界銀行培訓項目，闡述瞭基礎教育質量監測的重要性，分析瞭監測工具開發的基本流程，討論瞭學業成就監測工具的開發、問捲類測驗的開發、測量工具的測量學指標、操作手冊與數據收集等相關問題。
目錄
作者介紹
文摘
序言
中醫基礎理論速記歌訣/中醫課程速記叢書 內容梗概： 本書是“中醫課程速記叢書”係列中的一本，專注於中醫基礎理論的學習與記憶。本書旨在通過係統性的歌訣形式，將中醫基礎理論中的核心概念、重要原理、辨證思維、診斷方法、治療原則以及常用方藥等內容進行高度概括和提煉，以達到幫助中醫初學者、在校學生以及備考人員快速掌握知識、加深理解、鞏固記憶的目的。全書內容涵蓋瞭中醫學的 foundational elements，如同“人體是個小宇宙”、“陰陽五行是根本”、“髒腑功能韆百變”、“經絡運行通全身”、“病因病機巧辨析”、“診斷方法各有章”、“治法方藥巧組閤”等關鍵知識點，都以朗朗上口、易於背誦的歌訣形式呈現。 詳細內容介紹： 一、 中醫基本概念與思維模式的構建 人體觀與生命觀： 本部分將 introducethe holistic view of the human body in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), emphasizing the interconnectedness of the body's systems and the body's relationship with the external environment. It explores the concept of "Qi," "Blood," "Body Fluids," and "Essence" as fundamental vital substances, and how their harmonious flow and balance are essential for health. The philosophical underpinnings of TCM, such as the unity of heaven and humanity and the dynamic nature of life, will be presented in an accessible manner. 陰陽學說： This crucial chapter delves into the fundamental concept of Yin and Yang, the two opposing yet interdependent forces that govern all phenomena in the universe, including the human body. It explains how Yin and Yang manifest in physiological functions, pathological changes, and diagnostic principles. The歌訣 will help learners grasp the core tenets of Yin-Yang differentiation, such as “陰陽相對，互根互用，陰陽轉化，陰陽平衡” (Yin and Yang are relative, mutually root and use, Yin and Yang transform, Yin and Yang are balanced). 五行學說： This section introduces the theory of the Five Elements (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water) and their intricate relationships, including the generating (生), overcoming (剋), and controlling (侮) cycles. It illustrates how the Five Elements correspond to various organs, emotions, seasons, tastes, and colors, providing a framework for understanding the complex interactions within the body and between the body and its environment. The歌訣 will simplify the complex interrelationships, such as “相生相剋，母子相及” (mutual generation and overcoming, mother-son relationships). 二、 髒腑的生理功能與病理變化 五髒（心、肝、脾、肺、腎）的生理與病理： This extensive part will meticulously outline the physiological functions of each of the five major Zang organs (Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Kidney), covering their roles in governing vital activities, storing essences, and regulating emotions. The歌訣 will simplify their functions and common pathologies. For example, for the Heart: “心主血脈，主神明，其華在麵” (Heart governs blood and vessels, governs spirit and consciousness, its brilliance appears on the face), and common diseases like palpitations and insomnia. For the Liver: “肝主疏泄，藏血，主筋，開竅於目” (Liver governs free flow and dispersal, stores blood, governs tendons, opens to the eyes), and associated pathologies like liver qi stagnation and blood deficiency. For the Spleen: “脾主運化，主統血，主肌肉四肢，開竅於口” (Spleen governs transportation and transformation, governs blood, governs muscles and limbs, opens to the mouth), and its role in digestion and energy production, and issues like spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation. For the Lung: “肺主氣，司呼吸，主宣發肅降，主治節，通調水道，其華在毛” (Lung governs Qi, manages respiration, governs dispersion and downward transmission, governs regulation, regulates water passages, its brilliance appears on the hair and skin), and respiratory ailments. For the Kidney: “腎為先天之本，藏精，主水，主納氣，主骨，生髓，開竅於耳及二陰” (Kidney is the root of the post-natal constitution, stores Essence, governs Water, governs inhalation of Qi, governs bones, generates Marrow, opens to the ears and the two Yin passages), and its role in reproduction, growth, development, and aging. 六腑（膽、胃、小腸、大腸、膀胱、三焦）的生理與病理： This section will explain the functions of the six Fu organs, focusing on their roles in digestion, absorption, excretion, and the transmission of substances. The歌訣 will provide concise summaries of their functions, such as the Gallbladder's role in storing and excreting bile, the Stomach's role in receiving and ripening food, the Small Intestine's role in absorbing nutrients, the Large Intestine's role in forming and excreting feces, the Bladder's role in storing and excreting urine, and the concept of the San Jiao as a functional system regulating the flow of Qi and fluids. 奇恒之腑： This part will briefly touch upon the unique functions of the "Qi Heng Zhi Fu" (extraordinary Fu organs), such as the brain, uterus, and marrow, and their contributions to overall health. 三、 氣血津液的生成、功能與病變 氣： This chapter will explore the concept of Qi as the vital energy that animates the body. It will cover the formation of Qi from food and air, its various functions (promoting movement, warming, defending, containing, transforming), and common Qi deficiencies or excesses. The歌訣 will help distinguish between different types of Qi, such as Yuan Qi, Gu Qi, Zong Qi, Wei Qi, and Ying Qi. 血： This section will describe Blood as the carrier of nutrients and Qi, its generation, circulation, and vital functions. It will discuss Blood deficiency, Blood stasis, and other Blood-related imbalances. The歌訣 will highlight the relationship between Qi and Blood: “氣為血之帥，血為氣之母” (Qi is the commander of Blood, Blood is the mother of Qi). 津液： This part will explain Body Fluids, encompassing not only water but also sweat, tears, saliva, and digestive fluids, and their roles in moisturizing tissues, lubricating joints, and regulating body temperature. It will cover imbalances like excessive or deficient Body Fluids. 四、 經絡的循行、功能與病理傳變 經絡係統概述： This chapter will introduce the concept of the Meridian system (Jing Luo) as a network of pathways that connect the Zang-Fu organs, the body surface, and the limbs, facilitating the circulation of Qi and Blood. 十二正經與奇經八脈： The歌訣 will systematically guide learners through the pathways of the Twelve Primary Meridians and the Eight Extraordinary Meridians, emphasizing their starting and ending points, key acupoints, and their connections to specific organs and functions. The interconnectedness of these pathways will be highlighted. 經絡的功能與病變： This section will discuss how the Meridians play a crucial role in regulating physiological activities, transmitting stimuli, and defending against pathogens. It will also explain how blockages or imbalances in the Meridians can lead to pain, dysfunction, and the spread of disease. 五、 病因與病機 外感六淫（風、寒、暑、濕、燥、火）： This chapter will detail the six external pathogenic factors and how they can invade the body, leading to illness. The歌訣 will help to remember the characteristics of each pathogen and the symptoms they typically cause, such as "風為百病之長，善行而數變" (Wind is the chief of all diseases, it moves easily and changes frequently). 內傷七情（喜、怒、憂、思、悲、恐、驚）： This section will explore the impact of emotional disturbances on health, explaining how excessive or prolonged emotions can disrupt the flow of Qi and injure specific organs. 飲食勞倦及其他病因： This part will cover other common causes of illness, including improper diet, overwork, lack of rest, trauma, parasites, and congenital deficiencies. 病機轉化： The歌訣 will simplify the complex mechanisms of disease development and transformation, including concepts like deficiency (虛), excess (實), cold (寒), heat (熱), dampness (濕), dryness (燥), stagnation (滯), and internal generation of pathogens. 六、 辨證論治 八綱辨證（陰陽、錶裏、寒熱、虛實）： This fundamental chapter will introduce the "Eight Principles" of diagnosis, which provide a framework for analyzing symptoms and determining the nature of an illness. The歌訣 will simplify the differentiation criteria for each principle, such as "錶證脈浮，裏證脈沉" (Exterior syndrome has a floating pulse, Interior syndrome has a deep pulse) or "實則瀉之，虛則補之" (If it is excessive, purge it; if it is deficient, tonify it). 髒腑辨證： This section will explain how to diagnose based on the signs and symptoms related to specific Zang-Fu organs. 病因辨證： This chapter will focus on identifying the primary cause of the illness. 氣血辨證： This part will explain how to diagnose imbalances in Qi and Blood. 病位辨證： This section will discuss how to pinpoint the location of the disease within the body. 治法與治則： This chapter will outline the general principles of treatment, such as promoting Qi circulation, tonifying deficiencies, clearing heat, resolving dampness, and harmonizing Yin and Yang. 七、 診法 望診（神色、形態、舌象）： This section will detail the art of observation, focusing on assessing the patient's general appearance, complexion, demeanor, and, most importantly, the tongue's state (color, coating, shape). The歌訣 will make it easier to remember the significance of different tongue presentations. 聞診（聲音、氣味）： This chapter will cover the evaluation of the patient's voice, breathing, and body odors. 問診（問病史）： This part will emphasize the importance of gathering a comprehensive medical history, including details about symptoms, onset, progression, and lifestyle. 切診（脈象）： This is a crucial diagnostic method in TCM. This chapter will systematically introduce the various pulse qualities (e.g., floating, deep, rapid, slow, thready, forceful) and their diagnostic implications. The歌訣 will help in memorizing the characteristics and meanings of different pulses. 八、 治法與方藥 治法： This section will revisit and expand on the general treatment strategies, including methods like sweating, vomiting, purging, harmonizing, warming, clearing, tonifying, and reducing. 方劑概論： This chapter will introduce the basic principles of TCM formula construction, including the roles of the monarch, minister, assistant, and messenger herbs. 常用方劑舉例： While not providing exhaustive lists, the歌訣 will likely touch upon the names and main indications of several foundational formulas, helping learners to associate common ailments with specific therapeutic approaches. 本書的特色與優勢： 歌訣形式，易於記憶： 本書最大的亮點在於其創新的歌訣形式。通過高度凝練、朗朗上口的歌訣，將枯燥抽象的中醫理論轉化為生動形象、易於理解和記憶的詩句，極大地降低瞭學習難度，提高瞭學習效率。 係統全麵，內容精煉： 盡管以歌訣形式呈現，本書的內容卻力求係統與精煉。它涵蓋瞭中醫基礎理論的幾乎所有核心知識點，但又刪繁就textit，隻保留最關鍵、最本質的內容，避免瞭信息過載。 邏輯清晰，結構閤理： 本書按照中醫基礎理論的學習順序進行編排，從基本概念到髒腑、氣血津液、經絡、病因病機、辨證論治，再到診法和治法，邏輯清晰，層層遞進，符閤初學者的認知規律。 實用性強，備考助手： 對於準備中醫資格考試、中醫藥院校學生以及從事中醫臨床工作的醫務人員而言，本書無疑是一份極佳的復習資料和案頭工具。它能夠幫助迅速迴顧和鞏固所學知識，有效提升應試能力。 趣味性強，激發興趣： 歌訣的形式為枯燥的學習過程增添瞭趣味性，能夠有效激發學習者的學習興趣，變被動學習為主動探索，從而更好地掌握中醫精髓。 本書的目標讀者： 中醫初學者： 想要係統入門中醫，建立基礎知識體係的學習者。 中醫藥院校學生： 在校學習中醫專業，需要鞏固和記憶大量理論知識的學生。 中醫資格考試備考者： 準備參加各類中醫執業、助理醫師等資格考試的人員。 對中醫感興趣的社會人士： 希望瞭解中醫、學習中醫養生保健知識的非專業人士。 希望快速迴顧中醫基礎理論的在職中醫師： 作為輔助記憶和復習的工具。 結語： 《中醫基礎理論速記歌訣》作為“中醫課程速記叢書”的重要一員，不僅是一本知識的匯編，更是一份精巧的學習工具。它以其獨特的歌訣形式，為中醫理論的學習者打開瞭一扇便捷之門，讓復雜的中醫知識變得觸手可及，是每一位中醫學習者案頭必備的良師益友。通過反復吟誦這些歌訣，必能在大腦中形成深刻的知識烙印，為日後更深入的中醫學習打下堅實的基礎。
用戶評價
評分
作為一名多年的中醫愛好者，我一直渴望找到一本能幫助我係統梳理和鞏固中醫基礎理論的工具書。市麵上關於中醫的書籍琳琅滿目，但很多要麼過於學術化，要麼過於淺顯，真正能做到既嚴謹又易懂的卻不多。這本書的齣現，恰好填補瞭這個空白。我驚喜地發現，它將“速記歌訣”這一形式與中醫基礎理論完美結閤，既有傳統中醫的精髓，又有現代的學習理念。書中的歌訣，不是簡單的拼湊，而是經過精心打磨，字字珠璣，每一句都直指核心。我發現，通過反復吟誦這些歌訣，我不僅記住瞭知識點，更重要的是，我開始體會到中醫理論的精妙之處。例如，關於氣的運行、血的生成與運行，以及津液的代謝等內容，原本復雜的生理過程，在歌訣的幫助下，變得生動形象，易於理解和記憶。而且，這本書的編排非常有條理，循序漸進，從最基礎的陰陽五行、氣血津液，到髒腑、經絡、病因病機，再到治則治法，層層遞進，非常適閤係統學習。我能感受到作者在編撰這本書時，付齣瞭巨大的心血，力求將最精煉、最實用的中醫知識呈現給讀者。
評分這本書的封麵設計簡潔大氣，封麵上“中醫基礎理論速記歌訣”幾個大字醒目，搭配“中醫課程速記叢書”的副標題，一下子就抓住瞭我的眼球。我是一名中醫初學者，平日裏背誦經絡、穴位、方劑就頭疼不已，總感覺記憶混亂，效率低下。看到這本書，我仿佛看到瞭救星，迫不及待地翻開。書的排版非常清晰，每一章節都配有精煉的歌訣，歌訣朗朗上口，韻律感強，讀起來比枯燥的文字更容易記住。例如，關於五行相生相剋的歌訣，我以前總要反復默念，現在有瞭歌訣，就像順口溜一樣，很快就能在腦海中形成畫麵。而且，書中的知識點劃分得很細緻，每個歌訣後麵都會有簡短的解釋和拓展，幫助理解歌訣背後的中醫原理。我尤其喜歡它對一些抽象概念的形象化處理，比如將髒腑的功能用生動的比喻來描述，一下子就把我從死記硬背的泥潭中拉瞭齣來。對於我這種時間有限，又想快速掌握中醫基礎知識的學員來說，這本書無疑是事半功倍的利器。它不僅僅是一本速記手冊，更像是一位循循善誘的老師，用最巧妙的方式將深奧的中醫理論化繁為簡。
評分老實說，我一開始拿到這本書的時候，心裏還有些忐忑，畢竟“速記歌訣”這種形式，我總覺得有些“江湖氣”，擔心內容不夠紮實。但當我翻開第一頁，閱讀瞭關於陰陽學說的歌訣後，我的顧慮完全打消瞭。這本書的歌訣，不僅押韻，而且信息量巨大，將復雜的概念提煉得淋灕盡緻。我過去學習中醫，總是需要在各種教材、筆記之間來迴翻閱，耗費大量時間。現在，有瞭這本書，我隻需要帶著它，就可以隨時隨地進行復習和鞏固。我特彆喜歡它在歌訣後麵提供的簡要解析，這些解析就像點睛之筆，將歌訣背後的深層含義闡釋得非常透徹，讓我對知識的理解更加深入。我注意到，書中對一些容易混淆的概念，比如“陽”的多種含義，以及“氣”、“血”、“津液”之間的相互關係，都做瞭非常清晰的區分和概括，這對我這樣一個容易鑽牛角尖的學習者來說，簡直是福音。這本書在幫助我提高記憶效率的同時，也極大地加深瞭我對中醫基礎理論的理解。
評分這本書的齣現，簡直是為我這種“死理性派”學習者量身定做的。我一直覺得中醫的很多理論，比如陰陽五行、藏象學說，概念比較抽象，不容易把握其內在邏輯。以往的學習過程中，我常常被大量晦澀的術語和復雜的理論體係弄得暈頭轉嚮，即使死記硬背，也難以形成係統性的認知。然而，這本書的歌訣形式，就像一把鑰匙，瞬間打開瞭我理解中醫理論的大門。它不是簡單地羅列知識點，而是通過巧妙的語言結構和韻律，將原本分散、抽象的概念串聯起來，形成一種“粘性記憶”。我發現，當我嘗試用歌訣來迴憶某個理論時，大腦會更容易調動相關的聯想，整個知識體係也就隨之清晰起來。書中的歌訣不僅僅是文字遊戲，它背後凝結瞭作者對中醫基礎理論的深刻理解和提煉。例如，在講解病因病機時，歌訣能夠精準地概括齣不同病因的特點以及它們之間相互作用的機製，這比單純背誦幾個名詞要高效得多。這本書的價值在於，它不僅幫助我記住瞭知識，更引導我思考知識之間的聯係，培養瞭我的邏輯思維能力。
評分這本書對我這個中醫學習的“拖延癥患者”來說，簡直是神助攻！我經常會有“想學但總是堅持不下去”的睏境，主要是因為中醫理論的學習過程往往比較漫長，而且需要大量的記憶，很容易産生畏難情緒。這本書的歌訣形式，瞬間就降低瞭學習的門檻，讓原本枯燥的學習過程變得有趣起來。我發現，每天花上十幾分鍾，跟著歌訣念上幾遍，就能輕鬆記住一些重要的知識點。而且，這些歌訣不僅僅是死記硬背，它還自帶一種節奏感和邏輯性，讓知識點在我的腦海中形成一個立體的網絡。我特彆欣賞書中的一些歌訣，它們將復雜的病因病機，比如“濕邪侵襲”或者“肝鬱化火”的過程，用生動形象的語言描述齣來，讓我能迅速理解其內在的關聯。這本書就像一個萬能的“知識庫”，我隨時都能從中提取我需要的知識，並且能快速地將它們串聯起來。它幫助我剋服瞭學習過程中的惰性，讓我在不知不覺中，掌握瞭越來越多的中醫基礎理論。
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