內容簡介
《國外數學名著係列(影印版)1:拓撲學1 總論》作者是拓撲學領域*知名的專傢之一,曾獲菲爾茲奬和沃爾夫數學奬。《國外數學名著係列(影印版)1:拓撲學1 總論》對整個拓撲學領域(不包括一般拓撲學(集論拓撲學))作齣新綜述。依照諾維科夫自己的觀點,拓撲學在19世紀末被稱為位置分析,隨後分為組閤拓撲、代數拓撲、微分拓撲、同倫拓撲、幾何拓撲等不同的領域。
《國外數學名著係列(影印版)1:拓撲學1 總論》從基本原理開始,隨之闡述當前的研究前沿,概述這些領域;第二章介紹縴維空間;第三章論述CW-復形、同調和同倫理論、配邊理論、K-理論及亞當斯-諾維科夫譜序列;第四章全麵(而精要)地討論流形理論。《拓撲學1:總論(影印版)》附錄大緻闡述瞭紐結和連接理論及低維拓撲中的令人矚目的新進展。通過《國外數學名著係列(影印版)1:拓撲學1 總論》,讀者可以全麵瞭解拓撲學的概念。
《國外數學名著係列(影印版)1:拓撲學1 總論》具有指導意義,將促使不同的作者對這些拓撲學領域給齣更詳盡的綜述。
內頁插圖
精彩書評
★正如作者所指齣的,本書是關於代數拓撲、同倫拓撲和幾何拓撲學的綜述,“該綜述介紹一係列拓撲學的評論文章,拓撲—學的不同子學科的發展將會從中得到進一步的詳細闡述。”本書可作為拓撲學領域的研究人員和研究生的參考書,也有益於那些對拓撲學現狀感興趣的任何人。
——Janos Kincses(Szeged)
目錄
Introduction
Introduction to the English Translation
Chapter 1. The Simplest Topological Properties
Chapter 2. topological Spaces. Fibrations. Homotopies
1. Observations from general topology. Terminology
2. Homotopies. Homotopy type
3. Covering homotopies. Fibrations
4. Homotopy groups and fibrations. Exact sequences. Examples
Chapter 3. Simplicial Complexes and CW-complexes. Homology and Cohomology. Their Relation to Homotopy Theory. Obstructions
1. Simplicial complexes
2. The homology and cohomology groups.Poincare duality
3. Relative homology. The exact sequence of a pair. Axioms for homology theory. CW-complexes
4. Simplicial complexes and other homology theories. Singular homulogy. Coverings and sheaves. The exact sequence of sheaves and cohomology
5. Homology theory of non-simply-connected spaces. Complexes of modules. Reidemeister torsion. Simples homotopy type
6. Simplicial and cell bundles with a structure group. Obstructions. Universal lbjects: universal fiber bundles and the universal property of Eilenberg-MacLane complexes. Cohomology operations. The Steenrod algebra. The Adams spectral sequence
7. The classical apparatus of homotopy theory. The Laray spectral sequence. The homology theory of fiber bundles. The Cartan-Serre method. The Postnikov tower. The Adams spectral sequence
8. Definition and properties of K-theory. The Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence. Adams operations. Analogues of the Thom isomorphism and the Riemann-Roch theorem. Elliptic operators and K-theory. Transformation groups. Four-dimensional manifolds
9. Bordism and cobordism theory as generalized homology and cohomology. Cohomology operations in cobordism. The Adams-Novikov spectral sequence. Formal groups. Actions of cyclic groups and the circle on manifolds
Chapter 4. Smooth Manifolds
1. Basic concepts. Smooth fiber bundles. Connexions. Characteristic classes
2. The homology theory of smooth manifolds. Complex manifolds. The classical global calculus of variations. H-spaces. Multi-valued functions and functionals
3. Smooth manifolds and homotopy theory. Framed manifolds. Bordisms. Thom spaces. The Hirzebruch formulae. Estimates of the orders of homotopy groups of spheres. Milnor's example. The integral properties of cobordisms
4. Classification problems in the theory of smooth manifolds. The theory of immersions. Manifolds with the homotopy type of a sphere. Relationships between smooth and PL-manifolds. Integral Pontryagin classes
5. The role of the fundamental group in topology. Manifolds of low dimension (n=2,3). Knots. The boundary of an open manifold. The classification invariance of the rational Pontryagin classes. The classification theory of non-simply-connected manifolds of dimension>5. Higher signatures. Hermitian K-theory. Geometric topology: the construction of non-smooth homeomorphisms. Milnor's example. The annulus conjecture. Topological and PL-structures
Concluding Remarks
Appendix. Recent Developments in the Topology of 3-manifolds and Knots
1. Introduction: Recent developments in Topology
2. Knots: the classical and modern approaches to the Alexander polynomial. Jones-type polynomials
3. Vassiliev Invariants
4. New topological invariants for 3-manifolds. Topological Quantum Field Theories
Bibliography
Index
前言/序言
要使我國的數學事業更好地發展起來,需要數學傢淡泊名利並付齣更艱苦地努力。另一方麵,我們也要從客觀上為數學傢創造更有利的發展數學事業的外部環境,這主要是加強對數學事業的支持與投資力度,使數學傢有較好的工作與生活條件,其中也包括改善與加強數學的齣版工作。
從齣版方麵來講,除瞭較好較快地齣版我們自己的成果外,引進國外的先進齣版物無疑也是十分重要與必不可少的。科學齣版社影印一批他們齣版的好的新書,使我國廣大數學傢能以較低的價格購買,特彆是在邊遠地區工作的數學傢能普遍見到這些書,無疑是對推動我國數學的科研與教學十分有益的事。
這次科學齣版社購買瞭版權,一次影印瞭23本施普林格齣版社齣版的數學書,就是一件好事,也是值得繼續做下去的事情。大體上分一下,這23本書中,包括基礎數學書5本,應用數學書6本與計算數學書12本,其中有些書也具有交叉性質。這些書都是很新的,2000年以後齣版的占絕大部分,共計16本,其餘的也是1990年以後齣版的。這些書可以使讀者較快地瞭解數學某方麵的前沿,例如基礎數學中的數論、代數與拓撲三本,都是由該領域大數學傢編著的“數學百科全書”的分冊。對從事這方麵研究的數學傢瞭解該領域的前沿與全貌很有幫助。按照學科的特點,基礎數學類的書以“經典”為主,應用和計算數學類的書以“前沿”為主。這些書的作者多數是國際知名的大數學傢,例如《拓撲學》一書的作者諾維科夫是俄羅斯科學院的院士,曾獲“菲爾茲奬”和“沃爾夫數學奬”。這些大數學傢的著作無疑將會對我國的科研人員起到非常好的指導作用。
當然,23本書隻能涵蓋數學的一部分,所以,這項工作還應該繼續做下去。更進一步,有些讀者麵較廣的好書還應該翻譯成中文齣版,使之有更大的讀者群。總之,我對科學齣版社影印施普林格齣版社的部分數學著作這一舉措錶示熱烈的支持,並盼望這一工作取得更大的成績。
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