The 1793 British embassy to China, which led to Lord George Macartney’s fraught encounter with the Qianlong emperor, has often been viewed as a clash of cultures fueled by the East’s disinterest in the West. In The Perils of Interpreting, Henrietta Harrison presents a more nuanced picture, ingeniously shifting the historical lens to focus on Macartney’s two interpreters at that meeting—Li Zibiao and George Thomas Staunton. Who were these two men? How did they intervene in the exchanges that they mediated? And what did these exchanges mean for them? From Galway to Chengde, and from political intrigues to personal encounters, Harrison reassesses a pivotal moment in British-China relations. She shows that there were Chinese who were familiar with the West, but growing tensions endangered those who embraced both cultures and would eventually culminate in the Opium Wars.
Harrison demonstrates that the Qing court’s ignorance about the British did not simply happen, but was manufactured through the repression of cultural go-betweens like Li and Staunton. She traces Li’s influence as Macartney’s interpreter, the pressures Li faced in China as a result, and his later years in hiding. Staunton interpreted successfully for the British East India Company in Canton, but as Chinese anger grew against British imperial expansion in South Asia, he was compelled to flee to England. Harrison contends that in silencing expert voices, the Qing court missed an opportunity to gain insights that might have prevented a losing conflict with Britain.
Uncovering the lives of two overlooked figures, The Perils of Interpreting offers a valuable argument for cross-cultural understanding in a better-connected world.
##譯者=背叛的曆史淵源,在關詩珮的書裏有所領略。作者所謂的「危險」,主要和譯者掌握的域外知識有關;而輕視貶低文獻以外的口頭知識(包括口譯),間接導緻當權者無知濛昧,埋下瞭悲劇的種子。一種抹平差異、傾嚮調和的翻譯範式(李自標、斯當東)逐漸被強調文明等級的典範取代。敘事流暢,部分英文斷句有小錯,前半部勾勒十八世紀歐亞天主教往來,英國上流社會的教育,很新奇。李自始至終的動力源自虔誠,翻譯夾帶「私貨」險釀大禍,後半生東躲西藏令人動容。斯當東在仕途上鬱鬱不得誌,被視為chinoiserie奇觀的一部分,似是區域研究學者從政的某種寫照。
評分##瀋艾娣對於翻譯的看法讓我很受震動,她的人文關懷也很讓我感動。缺點就是敘事有點瑣碎吧,尤其是馬嘎爾尼使團那一段看得挺痛苦的。對翻譯史是越來越感興趣啦,作者能把一個小題目做得這麼大真的超厲害!接下來要抓緊去看看關詩珮那本書啦~
評分##有些滄桑變換感的。另外,當讀者在上帝視角看著當初清庭和官僚們的態度,就會覺得很可笑也很可憐。大清亡瞭?
評分##今天我們的外交翻譯足夠好嗎?作者說英國人可能還是聽不懂翻譯官總的古代錶達,以及比較讓人睏惑的某理論術語翻譯……讀完有些難過。不管你做瞭什麼,那不過是夏天裏飄過的一朵雲……鴉片戰爭的爆發就是因為貿易逆差導緻,是不可避免的。雙方好譯者的缺失隻是加速事情的發生一點點……
評分##今天我們的外交翻譯足夠好嗎?作者說英國人可能還是聽不懂翻譯官總的古代錶達,以及比較讓人睏惑的某理論術語翻譯……讀完有些難過。不管你做瞭什麼,那不過是夏天裏飄過的一朵雲……鴉片戰爭的爆發就是因為貿易逆差導緻,是不可避免的。雙方好譯者的缺失隻是加速事情的發生一點點……
評分##真的太好看瞭!此處立誓要寫齣一本差不多好看的!
評分##人們在翻譯時總是要做齣選擇,尤其在決定是否堅持使用原文時。為瞭原原本本地傳達內容,翻譯者的言語和寫作,會盡量使用聽眾自己的語言。這隻是翻譯的固有問題之一,當兩種語言和文化差異越大,翻譯的問題就越復雜。反對挑釁性質的中文翻譯,比如將“夷”翻譯為barbarian。侵略性的翻譯會激發對清朝的敵意,很可能將英國捲入戰爭。正因為翻譯者擁有控製解釋的力量,而技能突齣的外交口譯者通常都要在異文化中生活較長時間。一個人能夠掌握外語並廣泛瞭解外邦文明,那麼他的忠誠度就會遭到懷疑。因此一旦國傢之間發生衝突,翻譯工作就是危險的。在許多政治背景,尤其是像清代中國這樣高度集中和專製的體製中,對決策者所獲得的知識進行控製是影響其決策的最有效手段之一,這一事實更加劇瞭翻譯者的危險。
評分##譯者=背叛的曆史淵源,在關詩珮的書裏有所領略。作者所謂的「危險」,主要和譯者掌握的域外知識有關;而輕視貶低文獻以外的口頭知識(包括口譯),間接導緻當權者無知濛昧,埋下瞭悲劇的種子。一種抹平差異、傾嚮調和的翻譯範式(李自標、斯當東)逐漸被強調文明等級的典範取代。敘事流暢,部分英文斷句有小錯,前半部勾勒十八世紀歐亞天主教往來,英國上流社會的教育,很新奇。李自始至終的動力源自虔誠,翻譯夾帶「私貨」險釀大禍,後半生東躲西藏令人動容。斯當東在仕途上鬱鬱不得誌,被視為chinoiserie奇觀的一部分,似是區域研究學者從政的某種寫照。
評分1. 史料翔實,句句有齣處。 2. (世界)曆史真的不像我腦瓜裏記得的那樣簡單。eg.虎門銷煙 3. Dont kill the msger, 同理,dont kill the interpreter. eg.簽訂《NJ條約》時,我方沒有自帶口譯員,因為不敢接活。美在敘利亞行動的口譯員。 4. 李自標和小斯當東的經曆,放在今天也是不多的。
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