内容简介
     《实分析教程(第2版)》是一部备受专家好评的教科书,书中用现代的方式清晰论述了实分析的概念与理论,定理证明简明易懂,可读性强,全书共有200道例题和1200例习题。《实分析教程(第2版)》的写法像一部文学读物,这在数学教科书很少见,因此阅读《实分析教程(第2版)》会是一种享受。     
作者简介
     麦克唐纳(John N.McDonald),McDonald After receiving his Ph.D.in mathematics from Rut gers University, John N.McDonald joined the faculty in the Department of Mathematics (now the School of Mathematical and Statistical Scrences) at Arizona State University, where he attained the rank of full professor.McDonald has taught a wide range of mathematics courses, including calculus, linear algebra, difFerential equations, real analysis, complexanalysis, and functional analysis.Known by colleagues and students alike as an excelient instructor, McDonald was honored by his department with the Charles Wexler Teaching Award.He also serves as a mentor in the prestigious Joaquin Bustoz Math-Saence Honors Program, an intense academic program that pfovides motivated students an opportunity to commence university mathematics and science studies prior to graduating high school. McDonald has numerous research pubHcations, which span the areas of complex analysist functional analysis, harmonic analysis, and probability theory.He is also a former Managing Fditor of the Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics.McDonald and his wife, Pat, have four children and six grandchildren.In addition to spending time with his family, he enjoys music, film, and staying physically fit through jogging and other exercising.     
内页插图
          目录
   About the Authors Preface
PART ONE. Set Theory, Real Numbers, and Calculus
1. SET THEORY Biography: Georg Cantor
1.1 Basic Definitions and Properties
1.2 Functions and Sets
1.3 Equivalence of Sets; Countability
1.4 Algebras, a-Algebras, and Monotone Classes
2. THE REAL NUMBER SYSTEM AND CALCULUS
Biography: Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann
2.1 The ReaINumber System
2.2 Sequences of Real Numbers
2.3 Open and Closed Sets
2.4 Real-Valued Functions
2.5 The Cantor Set and Cantor Function
2.6 The Riemann Integral
PART TWO. Measure, Integration, and DifFerentiation
3. LEBESGUE MEASURE ON THE REAL LINE 
Biography: Emile Felix-Edouard-Justrn Borel
3.1 Borel Measurable Functions and Borel Sets
3.2 Lebesgue Outer Measure
3.3 Further Properties of Lebesgue Outer Measure
3.4 Lebesgue Measure
4. THE LEBESGUE INTEGRAL ON THE REAL LINE
Biography: Henri Leon Lebesgue
4.1 The Lebesgue Integral for Nonnegative Functions
4.2 Convergence Properties of the Lebesgue Integral for Nonnegative Functions
4.3 The General Lebesgue Integral
4.4 Lebesgue Almost Everywhere
5. ELEMENTS OF MEASURE THEORY
Biography: Constantin Caratheodory
5.1 MeasureSpaces
5.2 Measurable Functions
5.3 The Abstract Lebesgue Integral for Nonnegative Functions
5.4 The General Abstract Lebesgue Integral
5.5  Convergence in Measure
6 .EXTENSIONS TO MEASURES AND PRODUCT MEASURE
Biography: Guido Fubini
6.1 Extensions to Measures
6.2 The Lebesgue-Stieltjes Integral
6.3 Product Measure Spaces
6.4 Iteration oflntegrals in Product Measure Spaces
7. ELEMENTS OF PROBABILITY
Biography: Andrei Niko/aewch Kolmogorov
7.1 The Mathematical Model for Probability
7.2 Random Variables
7.3 Expectation of Random Variables
7.4 The Law of Large Numbers
……
PART THREE. Topological, Metric, and Normed Spaces
PART FOUR. Harmonic Analysis, DynamicaISystems, and Hausdorff Measure      
前言/序言
     This book is about real analysis, but it is not an ordinary real analysis book. Written with the student in mind, it incorporates pedagogical techniques not often found in books at this level.
  In brief, A Corse in Real Analysis is a modern graduate-level or advanced- undergraduate-level textbook about real analysis that engages its readers with motivation of key concepts, hundreds of examples, over 1300 exercises, and ap- plica.tions to probability and statistics, Fourier analysis, wavelets, measurable dynanucal 8ystems, Hausdorff measure, and fractals.
  What Makes This Book Unique 
  A Course in, Real Analysis contains many features that are unique for a real analysis text. Here are some of those features.
  Motivation of key concepts. All key concepts are motivated. The importance of and rationale behind ideas such as measurable functions, measurable sets, and Lebesgue integration are made transparent. 
  Detailed theoretical discuspion. Detailed proo's of most results (i.e., lem- mas, theorems, corollaries, and propositions) are provided. To fully engage the reader, proofs or parts of proofs are sometimes assigned as exercises.
  Illustrative examples. Following most definitions and results, one or more examples, most of which consist of several parts, are presented that illustrate the concept or result in order to solidify it in the reader's mind and provide a concrete frame of reference.    
				
 
				
				
					好的,这是一份关于一本假设的、不包含《实分析教程(第2版)[A Course in Real Analysis]》内容的图书简介,该简介力求详尽且自然。  ---   图书名称:拓扑几何基础与微分流形初步  作者: [此处留空,假设为虚构作者]  出版社: [此处留空,假设为虚构出版社]  页数: 约 750 页  开本: 16 开  定价: [此处留空]  ---   内容简介:从基础直觉到抽象结构  本书旨在为数学专业学生、物理学研究者以及对现代几何学有深入兴趣的读者提供一套系统而严谨的、从拓扑学核心概念过渡到微分流形基础理论的教材。本书的侧重点在于建立清晰的几何直觉与严格的拓扑结构之间的桥梁,避开了纯粹基于度量空间或集合论基础的过度纠缠,而是直接聚焦于开集、紧致性以及连续映射所定义的内在结构。  核心理念: 我们认为,理解几何空间(无论在欧几里得空间内还是抽象空间中)的最佳方式,是首先掌握其“邻域结构”和“连接性”。因此,本书将拓扑学的核心内容——点集拓扑——作为探究更高维结构(如流形)的基石,但会迅速将读者引导至更具几何特性的拓扑空间讨论中。   第一部分:拓扑空间的构造与性质(第1章至第4章)  本部分奠定了全书的数学语言和基本工具箱。我们并没有将大量篇幅投入到集合论的细枝末节中,而是直接从拓扑空间的定义出发,通过拓扑结构(由开集族定义)来捕捉空间中的“邻近性”概念。  第1章:开集、闭集与基底 本章详细介绍了拓扑空间的定义、子空间拓扑的诱导,以及拓扑基(Base)和局部基(Local Base)的概念。我们着重讨论了如何利用可数基(如度量空间的可数稠密子集)来定义可数性的概念,并初步引入了第二可数性与可分性之间的关系。  第2章:连续性、开闭映射与同胚 函数在拓扑空间之间的推广——连续映射——是理解结构保持转换的关键。本章深入探讨了连续性的拓扑定义,并引入了开映射和闭映射。同胚 (Homeomorphism) 作为拓扑学中最核心的等价关系,被放在重要位置进行辨析,读者将通过大量实例理解为什么拓扑性质(如连通性、紧致性)在同胚变换下保持不变。  第3章:连通性:路径与分支 连通性是空间整体性的度量。我们区别讨论了连通空间(通过开集的划分来定义)与路径连通空间。本书特别关注了局部路径连通性的引入,并展示了它如何与整体路径连通性在特定拓扑空间(例如,移除了一点的连通空间)中产生微妙的差异。  第4章:紧致性与局部紧致性 紧致性(Compactness)被视为一种“有限性”的抽象体现。本书遵循其经典的开复盖定义,并推导出其在度量空间中的等价表述(有界闭子集)。我们详细分析了乘积空间的紧致性(Tychonoff定理,此处仅做结论性介绍,不深入其集合论证明的细节),并重点讨论了局部紧致性在构造切线空间和流形边界时的重要性。   第二部分:结构的细化与商空间(第5章至第7章)  在掌握了基本拓扑工具后,本部分着手研究如何对现有空间进行“切割”和“粘贴”,以构造更复杂的拓扑结构。  第5章:分离公理的层级 本章详细考察了拓扑空间如何满足越来越强的“分离”性质,即Hausdorff性 (T2)、正则性 (T3)、T3½ (Urysohn) 以及正规性 (T4)。我们强调了 Hausdorff性 是后续讨论微分几何和流形理论的必要前置条件,并论证了紧致子集在T2空间中必为闭集。  第6章:商拓扑的构建与应用 商空间是代数拓扑和几何构造的核心。本章详细讲解了商拓扑的定义、如何将已知的拓扑性质(如连续性)从母空间传递到商空间,以及如何判断一个商空间是否保持Hausdorff性。我们将商拓扑应用于经典的几何构造,如圆周 $S^1$(通过将 $[0, 1]$ 的两端点粘合)。  第7章:积空间与纤维丛的雏形 积空间作为构造高维空间的自然方式,在本章得到深入分析。本书不仅停留在笛卡尔积的拓扑结构,更侧重于纤维丛(Fiber Bundle)的初步概念——虽然严格的纤维丛理论需要微分几何的工具,但我们在此引入了局部平凡性和总空间、基空间的概念,为后续流形的介绍打下基础。   第三部分:迈向微分流形:拓扑流形的定义(第8章至第10章)  本书的第三部分是连接拓扑学与微分几何的桥梁,重点在于定义和分析拓扑流形。  第8章:拓扑流形的概念 拓扑流形(Topological Manifold)的定义被精确阐述:一个局部具有 $mathbb{R}^n$ 结构的 Hausdorff 且第二可数的空间。本章的重点在于解析这些条件的几何意义。我们通过对比 $mathbb{R}^n$、球面 $S^n$ 和 环面 $T^2$ 的局部结构,展示了 $n$ 维流形如何由图册 (Atlas) 和坐标变换来描述。  第9章:图册、坐标图与转移映射 图册的相容性是流形理论的精髓所在。本章详细分析了不同坐标系之间的转移映射 (Transition Maps)。虽然本书不引入微分结构,但我们明确指出,转移映射的平滑性(可微性)是定义光滑流形的必要条件。本章通过对二维流形(如球面)的分析,展示了如何使用一组图册覆盖整个空间而不产生结构上的矛盾。  第10章:流形的连通性与紧致性 将拓扑性质应用于流形。我们探讨了 n 维流形 的连通性(通常路径连通),以及它们具有局部路径连通性这一重要特征。紧致性在流形上的影响,特别是对于高维球面和环面紧致性的验证,被作为综合运用前述拓扑工具的范例。   总结与展望  本书的结构旨在通过严格的拓扑学工具,逐步提升读者的抽象思维能力,最终为进入微分几何、黎曼几何或代数拓扑的学习做好准备。它侧重于空间的内在结构(邻域、连通性、分离性)和局部的可解析性,而非依赖于欧几里得度量的显式计算。读者将获得扎实的理论基础,能够清晰地区分一个空间是“可区分的”(Hausdorff)还是“可构造的”(商空间),并能准确识别一个空间是否具备“局部欧几里得”的特性,从而为后续的微分计算打下坚不可摧的基石。  --- (本简介侧重于拓扑结构、流形的局部性质、开闭集、连通性、紧致性以及商空间的构造,完全避免了对实数分析中的极限、收敛性、积分、测度或函数空间等内容的提及。)