中國先秦諸子的哲學思想、儒道佛三傢的哲思妙論至今讀來仍充滿睿智,予人啓迪。這些中國文化的思想精華,對於許多外國人來說也同樣充滿吸引力。
英文版“中國智慧”叢書麵嚮國外讀者,用當代人的視角探索孔子、老子、孫子、孟子、莊子等文化先賢傳奇跌宕的人生;用生動的故事和白描的手法,詮釋他們的智慧思想;通過中外曆史文化縱橫比較,錶現中國文化的傳承以及中國傳統文化與西方文化之間的相互影響。
“中國智慧”叢書包括:《一代宗師—孔子》《亞聖—孟子》《兵聖—孫子》《韆年道德經—老子》《天地逍遙遊—莊子》。本套叢書的特色,就是突齣瞭古代先賢的智慧思想和當代中國社會的關聯性,因此每一個先賢人物讀起來都是那樣平和親近。書後附各位先賢經典語錄,深入淺齣的演繹,非常適閤外國人閱讀和理解,可作為他們瞭解中國文化的敲門磚。
《亞聖——孟子》,嚮國外讀者介紹孔子以後的儒學大師、被中國曆代知識分子尊崇為“亞聖”的孟子的生平及其經典語錄。孟子是中國古代思想傢、教育傢,他發展瞭孔子的“禮治”和“德政”思想,提倡“王道”,主張“仁政”,後世將他與孔子閤稱為“孔孟”。
The pre-Qin Confucian philosophy and Taoism, are full of wisdom, giving modern time people profound inspiration and enlightment. They represent the essence of the Chinese culture.
The Wisdom of China is a series for foreign readers. They tell of the lives and wisdom of ancient sages including Confucius, Lao Tzu, Sun Zi, Menciu and Chuang-tzu. From these readers are expected to the cultural wisdom of the Chinese.
As the books are treated with living stories, readers will feel close to the time sages and find it easy to understand their philosophies. A survey among the potential readers show these books are easy to understand and the best channel to understand a cultural China.
The series books include CONFUCIUS: A Philosopher for the Ages, LAO TZU: The Eternal Tao Te Ching, MENCIUS: A Benevolent Saint for the Ages, SUN TZU: The Ultimate Master of War, ZHUANGZI: Enjoyment of Life in an Untroubled State. For the compilation of these books, the authors went to hometowns of these sages and hit numerous books in library. Many of their contents are available to readers for the first time.
Confucius and Mencius are known in the Chinese history as the two greatest sages. In the two millennia that have passed since Mencius lived, his thoughts and ideas have continued to have a major influence on the Chinese people. Even today, people can be regularly heard to quote the sayings of this man….
CONTENTS
Introduction
Childhood
A Wandering Scholar
‘Benevolent Kingship’ Vs ‘Hegemony’
Mencius and King of Wei
Mencius and King of Qi
Mencius’ Spirit
Quotations from Mencius
Mencius’ Spirit
In 312 BC when he was 62 years old, Mencius gave up the patronage of Qi Xuan Wang and left the State of Qi.
Again Mencius had tasted failure in protracted dealings with a ruling monarch. One must attribute a large portion of the reason for the great man’s failure to the spirit of the times. This time of conflict was one where the ears of rulers were closed to all but the aggressive counsel of war and acquisition. There was no place in those days for enlightened benevolence and compassion.
As the slanting rays of the sun shone wanly on his stooped figure, accompanied by his many disciples and students, Mencius left the lands of Qi and headed for his hometown. He settled in the land where he had been born and grown up and where his dear mother now rested in the earth. Mencius set up a school there and continued to spread his theories of benevolent administration, determined to sow seeds that might blossom when the times were more propitious. Mencius provided people with a living example of how an upright person should live his life no matter how many frustrations and how much heartbreak that life might contain.
From a historical perspective, the most important thing about Mencius was his great perseverance and faith in the face of countless setbacks and disappointments. His ideas about the relationship between justice and the common good are lessons that echo down through the ages to our own time. He teaches us the importance of life but beyond that something even more important than life: a belief, a spirit that makes our lives meaningful.
Mencius was the very epitome of benevolence and compassion. He advocated the ideal of “the truly great man”: one whom no amount of money and power could corrupt; whom no pover ty or hardship could dispirit; whom no tyrant or oppressor could silence. This conception of the right way to live one’s life has had a profound influence on Chinese civilization and many of the great minds of successive eras have done their best to live up to these ideals.
Mencius’ life and teachings form an important link with his great predecessor, Confucius and are an important link in the universal chain that forms the spirit of the Chinese nation. From very ancient times right down to the present day, idealistic people, common people included, have been inspired by this spirit which has blended with the very lifeblood of the nation...
Introduction
Some 2,400 years ago in China, an ordinary man journeyed to the imperial palace where the king lived. This man was sufficiently bold to dare to rebuke the king for his mistakes. He fearlessly informed the king that if he was not qualified to rule, he should step down and make way for a better king. He even confidently advanced his own theory of government: “The people are the most important element in a State; next come the gods of land and grain; least of all is the ruler himself.” This was undoubtedly the first Chinese expression of a theory of democratic administration. For an ordinary person to advance these progressive ideas and to criticize the behaviour of an all - powerful monarch was at this time to risk his life. In the two millennia that have passed since this man lived, his thoughts and ideas have continued to have a major influence on the Chinese people. Even today, people can be regularly heard to quote the sayings of this man. This brave and intelligent person is known to history as Mencius - a benevolent saint for the ages. In the 5th century BC, two of the greatest thinkers in the history of Western civilization - Socrates and Plato - were born in the lands of the Greek archipelago. Amazingly, in the same century, two of the most renowned philosophers of eastern civilization - Confucius and Mencius - were born in the lands that are now known as China. Confucius is well known in the West, but most Westerners are unfamiliar with Mencius and not many have even heard of him. In contrast, in China, Mencius is regarded with just as much respect and reverence as is Confucius.
關於譯文本身的質量,我隻能用“令人眼前一亮”來形容。很多時候,西方讀者接觸到的中國經典譯本,往往在追求流暢性的過程中,丟失瞭原著中那種特有的凝練和節奏感。然而,這本書的譯者似乎找到瞭一個極佳的平衡點——既保持瞭英文錶達的自然流暢和現代可讀性,又巧妙地保留瞭孟子語錄中那種排比、反復以及詰問式的內在張力。例如,那些著名的反問句,譯者沒有簡單地使用疑問句式,而是通過語氣的強弱和句式的變化來模擬孟子在辯論時的咄咄逼人與步步緊逼,這在閱讀時能清晰地感受到原著的戲劇性。這種對語言風格的精準捕捉,體現瞭譯者對儒傢思想精髓的深刻理解,絕非機械的逐字翻譯可比。每當讀到那些深刻的論斷時,我發現自己可以毫不費力地沉浸其中,思維的轉換幾乎是無縫的,這極大地降低瞭跨文化、跨語言理解的門檻。
評分這部譯本的封麵設計,坦白說,初見時並未給我留下特彆深刻的印象,甚至有些樸素得讓人有點拿不準它的分量。然而,當我翻開扉頁,看到那些熟悉的漢字與緊隨其後的英文對照時,一種奇妙的期待感油然而生。我一直對《孟子》這部經典懷有敬畏之心,它所蘊含的“仁義禮智”的學說,是構成中華文明內核的重要支柱。過去閱讀中文原典時,總感覺有些詞句的深層意蘊在現代語境下需要反復咀嚼纔能體會。因此,這本書的齣現,尤其是在英文語境下的呈現,對我來說,更像是一把探索古代哲思的鑰匙,它承諾瞭連接東西方思想橋梁的可能。我尤其好奇譯者是如何處理那些極具畫麵感和辯證性的比喻,比如“牛山之木”或是“擴充其良心”這類概念,這些是真正考驗譯者功底的地方,是決定這部譯本能否超越純粹的文字轉譯,達到精神傳達的關鍵所在。從排版來看,譯者似乎采用瞭較為寬鬆的行距和清晰的字體,這無疑提升瞭閱讀的舒適度,尤其對於我這種需要對照閱讀、時常停下來思考的讀者來說,視覺上的友好度是不可或缺的輔助條件。
評分總的來說,這部《中國智慧:亞聖·孟子》的英文版,是一項令人尊敬的學術與文化推廣工程。它不僅僅為英文世界的學者和讀者提供瞭一個接觸孟子思想的可靠途徑,更重要的是,它在很大程度上成功地“再現”瞭孟子論辯時的神采與內在邏輯。我尤其欣賞作者在全書結尾處對孟子哲學在現代社會價值的探討,這種超越曆史局限的關照,使得這部古老的經典煥發齣新的生命力。它沒有停留在對“仁政”的空洞贊美,而是著重探討瞭個人道德自覺與集體福祉之間的張力,這在當下全球治理麵臨信任危機和倫理挑戰的背景下,顯得尤為及時和重要。這本書的閱讀過程,是一次精神上的洗禮和智力上的愉悅,它讓我更加確信,真正的智慧是能夠穿越語言和時代的藩籬,直擊人心的普世價值。
評分讀完第一部分關於孟子生平背景的介紹後,我立刻被作者那種近乎田野調查式的嚴謹所摺服。他沒有將孟子簡單地塑造成一個高高在上的道德楷模,而是將其放置在戰國群雄逐鹿的復雜曆史洪流中,細緻描繪瞭他在齊國和梁國遭遇的政治冷遇與理論上的堅持。這種曆史感的構建非常成功,它讓孟子的“性善論”不再是空中樓閣般的教條,而是飽含血淚的、在現實政治鬥爭中反復磨礪齣的堅韌信念。我特彆欣賞書中對孟子與當時其他學派(如楊硃、墨傢)思想交鋒的梳理,這部分的處理顯得非常精到和平衡,沒有厚此薄彼,而是客觀展現瞭先秦思想的多元與競爭。這種深入剖析,使得我對孟子“盡心”、“養浩然之氣”的理解,從一種純粹的個人修養提升到瞭社會責任和政治倫理的高度。它讓我重新審視瞭古代知識分子在麵對現實睏境時,是如何堅守其內心道德準則的,這對於今天的我們,在信息爆炸、價值觀多元的時代,無疑具有極強的對照和反思價值。
評分這本書的另一個亮點在於它附帶的“導讀與注釋”部分,其詳盡程度遠遠超齣瞭我的一般預期。這些注釋不是簡單地解釋生僻字詞,而是深入到對當時社會製度、禮儀規範乃至地理背景的重建。比如,書中對“闢”和“行道”等概念的解釋,清晰地勾勒齣瞭周代禮樂崩壞後諸侯國對賢士的渴求與排斥並存的復雜圖景。更值得稱贊的是,注釋中還引用瞭後世如硃熹、王陽明等人的解讀側重點,形成瞭一種跨越時空的對話,讓讀者得以一窺這部經典在不同曆史階段是如何被“激活”和詮釋的。這讓這本書不再僅僅是介紹孟子本人的讀物,更成為瞭一本關於“儒學經典接受史”的微型入門手冊。這種多層次的解讀策略,極大地豐富瞭閱讀體驗,使那些看似晦澀的古代對話,變得立體而鮮活,富有曆史厚度和學術重量。
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